<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora
<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> is popularly used as a food supplement or nutritional supplement for its immune regulatory function against various threats. As one of its promising components, <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharide (EPP) has a wide range of biological...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4265 |
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| author | Yaoxing Li Yongshi Lin Xirui Zheng Xiaoman Zheng Mingen Yan Huiting Wang Cui Liu |
| author_facet | Yaoxing Li Yongshi Lin Xirui Zheng Xiaoman Zheng Mingen Yan Huiting Wang Cui Liu |
| author_sort | Yaoxing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> is popularly used as a food supplement or nutritional supplement for its immune regulatory function against various threats. As one of its promising components, <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharide (EPP) has a wide range of biological activities. To evaluate the effect of EPP as a dietary supplement on ulcerative colitis (UC), this study used sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) to induce a UC model, extracted EPP using the ethanol subsiding method, and then supplemented with EPP by gavage for 7 days. Then, we evaluated the efficacy of EPP on DSS rats in terms of immunity, anti-inflammation, and intestinal flora. The result showed that EPP could alleviate colonic shortening and intestinal injury in rats with DSS-induced colitis, decrease the disease activity index (DAI) score, downregulate serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, and contribute to the restoration of the balance between the T helper cells 17 (Th17) and the regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Meanwhile, EPP could downregulate the expression of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in colon tissue. In addition, the results of 16SrRNA sequencing showed that EPP also had a regulatory effect on intestinal flora of UC rats. These results indicate that EPP might achieve a beneficial effect on UC rats as a dietary supplement through restoring Th17/Treg balance, inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway and regulating intestinal flora, suggesting its possible application as a potential functional food ingredient alleviating UC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:51:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a2537412d5443d490e4c9abfd7e1c9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:51:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a2537412d5443d490e4c9abfd7e1c9e2023-12-08T15:15:31ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-11-011223426510.3390/foods12234265<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal FloraYaoxing Li0Yongshi Lin1Xirui Zheng2Xiaoman Zheng3Mingen Yan4Huiting Wang5Cui Liu6College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> is popularly used as a food supplement or nutritional supplement for its immune regulatory function against various threats. As one of its promising components, <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharide (EPP) has a wide range of biological activities. To evaluate the effect of EPP as a dietary supplement on ulcerative colitis (UC), this study used sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) to induce a UC model, extracted EPP using the ethanol subsiding method, and then supplemented with EPP by gavage for 7 days. Then, we evaluated the efficacy of EPP on DSS rats in terms of immunity, anti-inflammation, and intestinal flora. The result showed that EPP could alleviate colonic shortening and intestinal injury in rats with DSS-induced colitis, decrease the disease activity index (DAI) score, downregulate serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, and contribute to the restoration of the balance between the T helper cells 17 (Th17) and the regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Meanwhile, EPP could downregulate the expression of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in colon tissue. In addition, the results of 16SrRNA sequencing showed that EPP also had a regulatory effect on intestinal flora of UC rats. These results indicate that EPP might achieve a beneficial effect on UC rats as a dietary supplement through restoring Th17/Treg balance, inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway and regulating intestinal flora, suggesting its possible application as a potential functional food ingredient alleviating UC.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4265ulcerative colitis<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharideTh17/Treg balanceTLR4/MyD88/NF-κBintestinal flora |
| spellingShingle | Yaoxing Li Yongshi Lin Xirui Zheng Xiaoman Zheng Mingen Yan Huiting Wang Cui Liu <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora Foods ulcerative colitis <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharide Th17/Treg balance TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB intestinal flora |
| title | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora |
| title_full | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora |
| title_fullStr | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora |
| title_short | <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora |
| title_sort | i echinacea purpurea i l moench polysaccharide alleviates dss induced colitis in rats by restoring th17 treg balance and regulating intestinal flora |
| topic | ulcerative colitis <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench polysaccharide Th17/Treg balance TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB intestinal flora |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4265 |
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