Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Coeliac disease (CD) and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are immune-mediated diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of both diseases and may also be associated with the development of neuropathy. The primary goal in this cross-secti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/1511 |
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| author | Parul Singh Arun Rawat Bara Al-Jarrah Saras Saraswathi Hoda Gad Mamoun Elawad Khalid Hussain Mohammed A. Hendaus Wesam Al-Masri Rayaz A. Malik Souhaila Al Khodor Anthony K. Akobeng |
| author_facet | Parul Singh Arun Rawat Bara Al-Jarrah Saras Saraswathi Hoda Gad Mamoun Elawad Khalid Hussain Mohammed A. Hendaus Wesam Al-Masri Rayaz A. Malik Souhaila Al Khodor Anthony K. Akobeng |
| author_sort | Parul Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coeliac disease (CD) and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are immune-mediated diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of both diseases and may also be associated with the development of neuropathy. The primary goal in this cross-sectional pilot study was to identify whether there are distinct gut microbiota alterations in children with CD (<i>n</i> = 19), T1DM (<i>n</i> = 18) and both CD and T1DM (<i>n</i> = 9) compared to healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 12). Our second goal was to explore the relationship between neuropathy (corneal nerve fiber damage) and the gut microbiome composition. Microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Corneal confocal microscopy was used to determine nerve fiber damage. There was a significant difference in the overall microbial diversity between the four groups with healthy controls having a greater microbial diversity as compared to the patients. The abundance of pathogenic proteobacteria <i>Shigella</i> and <i>E. coli</i> were significantly higher in CD patients. Differential abundance analysis showed that several bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) distinguished CD from T1DM. The tissue transglutaminase antibody correlated significantly with a decrease in gut microbial diversity. Furthermore, the Bacteroidetes phylum, specifically the genus <i>Parabacteroides</i> was significantly correlated with corneal nerve fiber loss in the subjects with neuropathic damage belonging to the diseased groups. We conclude that disease-specific gut microbial features traceable down to the ASV level distinguish children with CD from T1DM and specific gut microbial signatures may be associated with small fiber neuropathy. Further research on the mechanisms linking altered microbial diversity with neuropathy are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:54:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a2aa2183f8c44d097aad787f32a6e06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:54:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a2aa2183f8c44d097aad787f32a6e062023-12-03T12:14:43ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-02-01224151110.3390/ijms22041511Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes MellitusParul Singh0Arun Rawat1Bara Al-Jarrah2Saras Saraswathi3Hoda Gad4Mamoun Elawad5Khalid Hussain6Mohammed A. Hendaus7Wesam Al-Masri8Rayaz A. Malik9Souhaila Al Khodor10Anthony K. Akobeng11Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarResearch Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarResearch Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDepartment Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, QatarDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDivision of Endocrinology, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDivision of General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDepartment Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, QatarResearch Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, QatarCoeliac disease (CD) and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are immune-mediated diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of both diseases and may also be associated with the development of neuropathy. The primary goal in this cross-sectional pilot study was to identify whether there are distinct gut microbiota alterations in children with CD (<i>n</i> = 19), T1DM (<i>n</i> = 18) and both CD and T1DM (<i>n</i> = 9) compared to healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 12). Our second goal was to explore the relationship between neuropathy (corneal nerve fiber damage) and the gut microbiome composition. Microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Corneal confocal microscopy was used to determine nerve fiber damage. There was a significant difference in the overall microbial diversity between the four groups with healthy controls having a greater microbial diversity as compared to the patients. The abundance of pathogenic proteobacteria <i>Shigella</i> and <i>E. coli</i> were significantly higher in CD patients. Differential abundance analysis showed that several bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) distinguished CD from T1DM. The tissue transglutaminase antibody correlated significantly with a decrease in gut microbial diversity. Furthermore, the Bacteroidetes phylum, specifically the genus <i>Parabacteroides</i> was significantly correlated with corneal nerve fiber loss in the subjects with neuropathic damage belonging to the diseased groups. We conclude that disease-specific gut microbial features traceable down to the ASV level distinguish children with CD from T1DM and specific gut microbial signatures may be associated with small fiber neuropathy. Further research on the mechanisms linking altered microbial diversity with neuropathy are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/1511gut microbiotaT1DMcoeliac diseasechildrenpediatric neuropathycorneal confocal microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Parul Singh Arun Rawat Bara Al-Jarrah Saras Saraswathi Hoda Gad Mamoun Elawad Khalid Hussain Mohammed A. Hendaus Wesam Al-Masri Rayaz A. Malik Souhaila Al Khodor Anthony K. Akobeng Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus International Journal of Molecular Sciences gut microbiota T1DM coeliac disease children pediatric neuropathy corneal confocal microscopy |
| title | Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full | Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_short | Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_sort | distinctive microbial signatures and gut brain crosstalk in pediatric patients with coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | gut microbiota T1DM coeliac disease children pediatric neuropathy corneal confocal microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/1511 |
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