Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration
Waste activated sludge (WAS) is a byproduct of municipal wastewater treatment. WAS contains a large proportion of inactive microbes, so when it is used as a substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD), their presence can interfere with monitoring of active microbial populations. To investigate how influe...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/3/573 |
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| author | Juhee Shin Si-Kyung Cho Joonyeob Lee Kwanghyun Hwang Jae Woo Chung Hae-Nam Jang Seung Gu Shin |
| author_facet | Juhee Shin Si-Kyung Cho Joonyeob Lee Kwanghyun Hwang Jae Woo Chung Hae-Nam Jang Seung Gu Shin |
| author_sort | Juhee Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Waste activated sludge (WAS) is a byproduct of municipal wastewater treatment. WAS contains a large proportion of inactive microbes, so when it is used as a substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD), their presence can interfere with monitoring of active microbial populations. To investigate how influent cells affect the active and inactive microbial communities during digestion of WAS, we operated model mesophilic bioreactors with conventional conditions. Under six different hydraulic retention times (HRTs; 25, 23, 20, 17, 14, and 11.5 d), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and CH<sub>4</sub> production of the AD were within a typical range for mesophilic sludge digesters. In the main bacteria were proteobacteria, bacteroidetes, and firmicutes in both the WAS and the bioreactors, while in main archaeal methanogen group was Methanosarcinales in the WAS and methanomicrobiales in the bioreactors. Of the 106 genera identified, the estimated net growth rates were negative in 72 and positive in 34. The genera with negative growth included many aerobic taxa. The genera with positive growth rates included methanogens and syntrophs. In some taxa, the net growth rate could be positive or negative, depending on HRT, so their abundance was also affected by HRT. This study gives insights into the microbial dynamics of a conventional sludge anaerobic digester by distinguishing potentially active (growing) and inactive (non-growing, dormant) microbes and by correlating population dynamics with process parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:43:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a373cfdede9459a9adb63cf636514d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:43:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a373cfdede9459a9adb63cf636514d52022-12-22T02:57:41ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-02-0112357310.3390/en12030573en12030573Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of ImmigrationJuhee Shin0Si-Kyung Cho1Joonyeob Lee2Kwanghyun Hwang3Jae Woo Chung4Hae-Nam Jang5Seung Gu Shin6Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52725, South KoreaDepartment of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South KoreaDivision of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South KoreaEnvironmental Process Engineering Team, Global Engineering Division, GS E&C, Seoul 03159, South KoreaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52725, South KoreaDepartment of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52725, South KoreaDepartment of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52725, South KoreaWaste activated sludge (WAS) is a byproduct of municipal wastewater treatment. WAS contains a large proportion of inactive microbes, so when it is used as a substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD), their presence can interfere with monitoring of active microbial populations. To investigate how influent cells affect the active and inactive microbial communities during digestion of WAS, we operated model mesophilic bioreactors with conventional conditions. Under six different hydraulic retention times (HRTs; 25, 23, 20, 17, 14, and 11.5 d), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and CH<sub>4</sub> production of the AD were within a typical range for mesophilic sludge digesters. In the main bacteria were proteobacteria, bacteroidetes, and firmicutes in both the WAS and the bioreactors, while in main archaeal methanogen group was Methanosarcinales in the WAS and methanomicrobiales in the bioreactors. Of the 106 genera identified, the estimated net growth rates were negative in 72 and positive in 34. The genera with negative growth included many aerobic taxa. The genera with positive growth rates included methanogens and syntrophs. In some taxa, the net growth rate could be positive or negative, depending on HRT, so their abundance was also affected by HRT. This study gives insights into the microbial dynamics of a conventional sludge anaerobic digester by distinguishing potentially active (growing) and inactive (non-growing, dormant) microbes and by correlating population dynamics with process parameters.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/3/573sewage sludgehydraulic retention timehigh-throughput sequencingreal-time PCRnet growth rate |
| spellingShingle | Juhee Shin Si-Kyung Cho Joonyeob Lee Kwanghyun Hwang Jae Woo Chung Hae-Nam Jang Seung Gu Shin Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration Energies sewage sludge hydraulic retention time high-throughput sequencing real-time PCR net growth rate |
| title | Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration |
| title_full | Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration |
| title_fullStr | Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration |
| title_short | Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Impact of Immigration |
| title_sort | performance and microbial community dynamics in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge impact of immigration |
| topic | sewage sludge hydraulic retention time high-throughput sequencing real-time PCR net growth rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/3/573 |
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