Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation
Polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap) is an economic kinetic inhibitor for hydrate formation in pipelines during oil and gas transportation. However, its application is limited because of the low inhibition performance under certain conditions. In this work, a modified PVCap on its chain end is proposed. 2-a...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/2/282 |
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| author | Zhiguang Song Shiyuan Cui Cuiping Tang Yong Chen Deqing Liang Sibo Wang |
| author_facet | Zhiguang Song Shiyuan Cui Cuiping Tang Yong Chen Deqing Liang Sibo Wang |
| author_sort | Zhiguang Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap) is an economic kinetic inhibitor for hydrate formation in pipelines during oil and gas transportation. However, its application is limited because of the low inhibition performance under certain conditions. In this work, a modified PVCap on its chain end is proposed. 2-amino-3-propionic acid mercapto-terminated polyvinyl caprolactam (PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH) was synthesized and its performance as a KHI for methane hydrate formation was evaluated under different conditions. Results showed that the performance of PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH as a KHI was better than that of PVCap at the same concentrations. Gas hydrate samples with 1 wt.% PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH were measured using Raman spectroscopy, XRD, and cryo-SEM. PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH had a selective action on a specific crystal surface of the hydrates and could prevent methane molecules from entering large cages. Its inhibition ability increased with the decrease in the occupancy rate of large cages. The morphology of the gas hydrate crystal changed from porous in a pure water system to a chaotic but compact structure state in the system with PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:36:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a38e4bc45ab4cd4b863dab1de683203 |
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| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:36:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a38e4bc45ab4cd4b863dab1de6832032023-11-16T21:27:01ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-01-0111228210.3390/jmse11020282Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate FormationZhiguang Song0Shiyuan Cui1Cuiping Tang2Yong Chen3Deqing Liang4Sibo Wang5Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, ChinaGuangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaShenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, ChinaPolyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap) is an economic kinetic inhibitor for hydrate formation in pipelines during oil and gas transportation. However, its application is limited because of the low inhibition performance under certain conditions. In this work, a modified PVCap on its chain end is proposed. 2-amino-3-propionic acid mercapto-terminated polyvinyl caprolactam (PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH) was synthesized and its performance as a KHI for methane hydrate formation was evaluated under different conditions. Results showed that the performance of PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH as a KHI was better than that of PVCap at the same concentrations. Gas hydrate samples with 1 wt.% PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH were measured using Raman spectroscopy, XRD, and cryo-SEM. PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH had a selective action on a specific crystal surface of the hydrates and could prevent methane molecules from entering large cages. Its inhibition ability increased with the decrease in the occupancy rate of large cages. The morphology of the gas hydrate crystal changed from porous in a pure water system to a chaotic but compact structure state in the system with PVCap-NH<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-COOH.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/2/282natural gas hydrateformationinhibitionmodification |
| spellingShingle | Zhiguang Song Shiyuan Cui Cuiping Tang Yong Chen Deqing Liang Sibo Wang Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation Journal of Marine Science and Engineering natural gas hydrate formation inhibition modification |
| title | Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation |
| title_full | Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation |
| title_fullStr | Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation |
| title_short | Effect of a Terminated PVCap on Methane Gas Hydrate Formation |
| title_sort | effect of a terminated pvcap on methane gas hydrate formation |
| topic | natural gas hydrate formation inhibition modification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/2/282 |
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