The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells
<i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> (<i>D. heterophyllum</i>) is a traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine that has been used for the treatment of lymphitis, hepatitis, and bronchitis. However, only a few selected chemical components are currently obtained from <i>D</i&g...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11572 |
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| author | Chengzhao Li Jun Dang Yue Lv Yan Fang Chengjun Ma Qilan Wang Gang Li |
| author_facet | Chengzhao Li Jun Dang Yue Lv Yan Fang Chengjun Ma Qilan Wang Gang Li |
| author_sort | Chengzhao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> (<i>D. heterophyllum</i>) is a traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine that has been used for the treatment of lymphitis, hepatitis, and bronchitis. However, only a few selected chemical components are currently obtained from <i>D</i><i>. heterophyllum</i>, which limits its further pharmacological applications. In this study, we have obtained samwinol from <i>D</i><i>. heterophyllum</i> by medium- and high-pressure liquid chromatography separation for the first time. Thereafter, we investigated the protective actions of samwinol against amyloid beta protein fragment 25–35 (Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>) induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells and explored its underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that samwinol could increase cell viability and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria-derived ROS, as assessed by MTT assay, Giemsa staining, and flow cytometry assay. Through Western blot analysis, it was found that samwinol substantially inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK(1/2) and promoted the expression of HO-1 and Nrf2. The data obtained from molecular docking were also consistent with the above conclusions. All of these results showed that samwinol from <i>D. heterophyllum</i> can display significant anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro, which are associated with the suppression of ERK/AKT phosphorylation and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In the future, additional in-depth mechanism studies will be carried out to provide more evidence for the potential of samwinol in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:39:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a4cdb03c8d745ce891caa76d0992fff2023-11-23T20:35:37ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-09-0123191157210.3390/ijms231911572The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 CellsChengzhao Li0Jun Dang1Yue Lv2Yan Fang3Chengjun Ma4Qilan Wang5Gang Li6Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaQinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, ChinaCenter for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaCenter for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaCenter for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaQinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, ChinaCenter for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China<i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> (<i>D. heterophyllum</i>) is a traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine that has been used for the treatment of lymphitis, hepatitis, and bronchitis. However, only a few selected chemical components are currently obtained from <i>D</i><i>. heterophyllum</i>, which limits its further pharmacological applications. In this study, we have obtained samwinol from <i>D</i><i>. heterophyllum</i> by medium- and high-pressure liquid chromatography separation for the first time. Thereafter, we investigated the protective actions of samwinol against amyloid beta protein fragment 25–35 (Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>) induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells and explored its underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that samwinol could increase cell viability and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria-derived ROS, as assessed by MTT assay, Giemsa staining, and flow cytometry assay. Through Western blot analysis, it was found that samwinol substantially inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK(1/2) and promoted the expression of HO-1 and Nrf2. The data obtained from molecular docking were also consistent with the above conclusions. All of these results showed that samwinol from <i>D. heterophyllum</i> can display significant anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro, which are associated with the suppression of ERK/AKT phosphorylation and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In the future, additional in-depth mechanism studies will be carried out to provide more evidence for the potential of samwinol in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11572<i>D. heterophyllum</i>PC-12 CellsAβ<sub>25–35</sub>neuroinflammatoryoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Chengzhao Li Jun Dang Yue Lv Yan Fang Chengjun Ma Qilan Wang Gang Li The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>D. heterophyllum</i> PC-12 Cells Aβ<sub>25–35</sub> neuroinflammatory oxidative stress |
| title | The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells |
| title_full | The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells |
| title_fullStr | The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells |
| title_short | The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from <i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i> and Prevention on Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells |
| title_sort | isolation and preparation of samwinol from i dracocephalum heterophyllum i and prevention on aβ sub 25 35 sub induced neuroinflammation in pc 12 cells |
| topic | <i>D. heterophyllum</i> PC-12 Cells Aβ<sub>25–35</sub> neuroinflammatory oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11572 |
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