Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine
In recent years, the development of sensor and wearable technologies have led to their increased adoption in clinical and health monitoring settings. One area that is in early, but promising, stages of development is the use of biosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Traditionally, TDM cou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1348112/full |
| _version_ | 1797263677026467840 |
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| author | Winnie S. Liang Winnie S. Liang Brett Beaulieu-Jones Brett Beaulieu-Jones Susan Smalley Michael Snyder Michael Snyder Laura H. Goetz Nicholas J. Schork Nicholas J. Schork |
| author_facet | Winnie S. Liang Winnie S. Liang Brett Beaulieu-Jones Brett Beaulieu-Jones Susan Smalley Michael Snyder Michael Snyder Laura H. Goetz Nicholas J. Schork Nicholas J. Schork |
| author_sort | Winnie S. Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the development of sensor and wearable technologies have led to their increased adoption in clinical and health monitoring settings. One area that is in early, but promising, stages of development is the use of biosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Traditionally, TDM could only be performed in certified laboratories and was used in specific scenarios to optimize drug dosage based on measurement of plasma/blood drug concentrations. Although TDM has been typically pursued in settings involving medications that are challenging to manage, the basic approach is useful for characterizing drug activity. TDM is based on the idea that there is likely a clear relationship between plasma/blood drug concentration (or concentration in other matrices) and clinical efficacy. However, these relationships may vary across individuals and may be affected by genetic factors, comorbidities, lifestyle, and diet. TDM technologies will be valuable for enabling precision medicine strategies to determine the clinical efficacy of drugs in individuals, as well as optimizing personalized dosing, especially since therapeutic windows may vary inter-individually. In this mini-review, we discuss emerging TDM technologies and their applications, and factors that influence TDM including drug interactions, polypharmacy, and supplement use. We also discuss how using TDM within single subject (N-of-1) and aggregated N-of-1 clinical trial designs provides opportunities to better capture drug response and activity at the individual level. Individualized TDM solutions have the potential to help optimize treatment selection and dosing regimens so that the right drug and right dose may be matched to the right person and in the right context. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a5a3f2f07dd4f9082012862749da0d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a5a3f2f07dd4f9082012862749da0d72024-03-13T04:23:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122024-03-011510.3389/fphar.2024.13481121348112Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicineWinnie S. Liang0Winnie S. Liang1Brett Beaulieu-Jones2Brett Beaulieu-Jones3Susan Smalley4Michael Snyder5Michael Snyder6Laura H. Goetz7Nicholas J. Schork8Nicholas J. Schork9Net/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesTranslational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, United StatesNet/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesUniversity of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United StatesNet/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesNet/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesStanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesNet/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesNet/Bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesTranslational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, United StatesIn recent years, the development of sensor and wearable technologies have led to their increased adoption in clinical and health monitoring settings. One area that is in early, but promising, stages of development is the use of biosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Traditionally, TDM could only be performed in certified laboratories and was used in specific scenarios to optimize drug dosage based on measurement of plasma/blood drug concentrations. Although TDM has been typically pursued in settings involving medications that are challenging to manage, the basic approach is useful for characterizing drug activity. TDM is based on the idea that there is likely a clear relationship between plasma/blood drug concentration (or concentration in other matrices) and clinical efficacy. However, these relationships may vary across individuals and may be affected by genetic factors, comorbidities, lifestyle, and diet. TDM technologies will be valuable for enabling precision medicine strategies to determine the clinical efficacy of drugs in individuals, as well as optimizing personalized dosing, especially since therapeutic windows may vary inter-individually. In this mini-review, we discuss emerging TDM technologies and their applications, and factors that influence TDM including drug interactions, polypharmacy, and supplement use. We also discuss how using TDM within single subject (N-of-1) and aggregated N-of-1 clinical trial designs provides opportunities to better capture drug response and activity at the individual level. Individualized TDM solutions have the potential to help optimize treatment selection and dosing regimens so that the right drug and right dose may be matched to the right person and in the right context.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1348112/fulltherapeutic drug monitoringN-of-1 clinical trialsbiosensorswearablesprecision medicine |
| spellingShingle | Winnie S. Liang Winnie S. Liang Brett Beaulieu-Jones Brett Beaulieu-Jones Susan Smalley Michael Snyder Michael Snyder Laura H. Goetz Nicholas J. Schork Nicholas J. Schork Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine Frontiers in Pharmacology therapeutic drug monitoring N-of-1 clinical trials biosensors wearables precision medicine |
| title | Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| title_full | Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| title_fullStr | Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| title_short | Emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies: considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| title_sort | emerging therapeutic drug monitoring technologies considerations and opportunities in precision medicine |
| topic | therapeutic drug monitoring N-of-1 clinical trials biosensors wearables precision medicine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1348112/full |
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