Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow
<p>The continent-to-ocean supply of phosphorus (P) in the soluble state, recognized as bioavailable P, via the atmosphere is hypothesized to be crucial to the biological cycle in offshore surface seawater. To investigate the solubility of P in aerosol particles moving towards the northwestern...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/847/2019/acp-19-847-2019.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818176440100716544 |
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| author | J. Shi J. Shi N. Wang H. Gao H. Gao A. R. Baker X. Yao X. Yao D. Zhang |
| author_facet | J. Shi J. Shi N. Wang H. Gao H. Gao A. R. Baker X. Yao X. Yao D. Zhang |
| author_sort | J. Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The continent-to-ocean supply of phosphorus (P) in the soluble
state, recognized as bioavailable P, via the atmosphere is hypothesized to be
crucial to the biological cycle in offshore surface seawater. To investigate
the solubility of P in aerosol particles moving towards the northwestern
Pacific from the Asian continent, we measured the total P (TP), total
dissolved P (TDP) and dissolved inorganic P (DIP) in aerosols at Qingdao
(36<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>06<span class="inline-formula"><sup>′</sup></span> N, 120<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>33<span class="inline-formula"><sup>′</sup></span> E), a coastal city in eastern China.
The samples were collected in December 2012 and January 2013 (winter) and in
March and April 2013 (spring), when the middle-latitude westerly wind was
prevailing. On average, P solubility, i.e., the ratio of TDP to TP, was <span class="inline-formula">32.9±16.7</span> % in winter and <span class="inline-formula">21.3±9.8</span> % in spring, and the TP
concentrations in the two seasons were similar. This seasonal solubility
difference is attributed to the aerosol sources containing the P. Particles
in winter were predominantly anthropogenic particles from local and regional
areas, and particles in spring were significantly influenced by natural dust
from the arid and semiarid areas in the inland part of the continent.
Moreover, acidification processes associated with the formation of sulfate
and nitrate in the winter samples enhanced P solubility, suggesting that the
P in anthropogenic particles was more susceptible to the production of acidic
species than that in natural dust particles. There was a strong positive
correlation between P solubility and relative humidity (RH). P solubility was
usually less than 30 % when RH was below 60 %, even when the content
of acidic species and/or anthropogenic particles in the aerosols was high,
suggesting humidity had a critical role in the production of TDP. In
addition, the proportion of DIP in TDP was high when the particles were
predominantly anthropogenic, and the proportion of dissolved organic P (DOP;
quantified as TDP minus DIP) in TDP was high when the particles were dominated by
natural dust. These results indicate that, as the contents of bioavailable P
in Asian continent outflows are closely dependent on the aerosol particle
origins, atmospheric acidic processes could convert P into a bioavailable
state under certain meteorological conditions. Therefore, the recent severe
air pollution over East Asia might have enhanced the input of bioavailable P
to downwind marine areas.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:16:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a6b1903898c45ee8965b5ee87aaf677 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:16:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a6b1903898c45ee8965b5ee87aaf6772022-12-22T00:52:10ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-01-011984786010.5194/acp-19-847-2019Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflowJ. Shi0J. Shi1N. Wang2H. Gao3H. Gao4A. R. Baker5X. Yao6X. Yao7D. Zhang8Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266010, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266010, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, ChinaCentre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UKKey Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266010, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, ChinaFaculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan<p>The continent-to-ocean supply of phosphorus (P) in the soluble state, recognized as bioavailable P, via the atmosphere is hypothesized to be crucial to the biological cycle in offshore surface seawater. To investigate the solubility of P in aerosol particles moving towards the northwestern Pacific from the Asian continent, we measured the total P (TP), total dissolved P (TDP) and dissolved inorganic P (DIP) in aerosols at Qingdao (36<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>06<span class="inline-formula"><sup>′</sup></span> N, 120<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>33<span class="inline-formula"><sup>′</sup></span> E), a coastal city in eastern China. The samples were collected in December 2012 and January 2013 (winter) and in March and April 2013 (spring), when the middle-latitude westerly wind was prevailing. On average, P solubility, i.e., the ratio of TDP to TP, was <span class="inline-formula">32.9±16.7</span> % in winter and <span class="inline-formula">21.3±9.8</span> % in spring, and the TP concentrations in the two seasons were similar. This seasonal solubility difference is attributed to the aerosol sources containing the P. Particles in winter were predominantly anthropogenic particles from local and regional areas, and particles in spring were significantly influenced by natural dust from the arid and semiarid areas in the inland part of the continent. Moreover, acidification processes associated with the formation of sulfate and nitrate in the winter samples enhanced P solubility, suggesting that the P in anthropogenic particles was more susceptible to the production of acidic species than that in natural dust particles. There was a strong positive correlation between P solubility and relative humidity (RH). P solubility was usually less than 30 % when RH was below 60 %, even when the content of acidic species and/or anthropogenic particles in the aerosols was high, suggesting humidity had a critical role in the production of TDP. In addition, the proportion of DIP in TDP was high when the particles were predominantly anthropogenic, and the proportion of dissolved organic P (DOP; quantified as TDP minus DIP) in TDP was high when the particles were dominated by natural dust. These results indicate that, as the contents of bioavailable P in Asian continent outflows are closely dependent on the aerosol particle origins, atmospheric acidic processes could convert P into a bioavailable state under certain meteorological conditions. Therefore, the recent severe air pollution over East Asia might have enhanced the input of bioavailable P to downwind marine areas.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/847/2019/acp-19-847-2019.pdf |
| spellingShingle | J. Shi J. Shi N. Wang H. Gao H. Gao A. R. Baker X. Yao X. Yao D. Zhang Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow |
| title_full | Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow |
| title_fullStr | Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow |
| title_short | Phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in Asian continental outflow |
| title_sort | phosphorus solubility in aerosol particles related to particle sources and atmospheric acidification in asian continental outflow |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/847/2019/acp-19-847-2019.pdf |
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