Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions
The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) has been recognized as an important generator of anterior shoulder pain, causing a significant reduction in the shoulder flexion range. Various tendinous and ligamentous structures form the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT along its course to maintain its app...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Diagnostics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/659 |
| _version_ | 1797472011542331392 |
|---|---|
| author | Heng Xue Stephen Bird Ling Jiang Jie Jiang Ligang Cui |
| author_facet | Heng Xue Stephen Bird Ling Jiang Jie Jiang Ligang Cui |
| author_sort | Heng Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) has been recognized as an important generator of anterior shoulder pain, causing a significant reduction in the shoulder flexion range. Various tendinous and ligamentous structures form the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT along its course to maintain its appropriate location during shoulder movements, including the coracohumeral ligament (CHL), superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL), subscapularis (SSC) tendon and supraspinatus (SSP) tendon as well as the less recognized tendons of pectoralis major (PM), latissimus dorsi (LD) and teres major (TM). Lesions of this stabilizing apparatus may lead to an instability of the LHBT, resulting in pain at the anterior shoulder. Ultrasonography (US) has been increasingly used in the assessment of shoulder injuries, including the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT. An accurate diagnosis of these injuries is often challenging, given the complex anatomy and wide spectrum of pathologies. In this review article, US anatomy and common pathologic conditions that affect the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT are discussed, including biceps pulley lesions, adhesive capsulitis, chronic pathology of SSC and SSP tendons, tears in the PM tendon and injuries to the LD and TM. Knowledge of a normal anatomy, an appropriate scanning technique and US findings of common pathologic conditions are the keys to accurate diagnoses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:57:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a819f0f1a814b97991d335e74eaf89e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:57:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a819f0f1a814b97991d335e74eaf89e2023-11-24T00:55:17ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-03-0112365910.3390/diagnostics12030659Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic ConditionsHeng Xue0Stephen Bird1Ling Jiang2Jie Jiang3Ligang Cui4Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, ChinaBenson Radiology, Wayville, SA 5034, AustraliaDepartment of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, ChinaThe long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) has been recognized as an important generator of anterior shoulder pain, causing a significant reduction in the shoulder flexion range. Various tendinous and ligamentous structures form the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT along its course to maintain its appropriate location during shoulder movements, including the coracohumeral ligament (CHL), superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL), subscapularis (SSC) tendon and supraspinatus (SSP) tendon as well as the less recognized tendons of pectoralis major (PM), latissimus dorsi (LD) and teres major (TM). Lesions of this stabilizing apparatus may lead to an instability of the LHBT, resulting in pain at the anterior shoulder. Ultrasonography (US) has been increasingly used in the assessment of shoulder injuries, including the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT. An accurate diagnosis of these injuries is often challenging, given the complex anatomy and wide spectrum of pathologies. In this review article, US anatomy and common pathologic conditions that affect the anchoring apparatus of the LHBT are discussed, including biceps pulley lesions, adhesive capsulitis, chronic pathology of SSC and SSP tendons, tears in the PM tendon and injuries to the LD and TM. Knowledge of a normal anatomy, an appropriate scanning technique and US findings of common pathologic conditions are the keys to accurate diagnoses.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/659ultrasonographyscanning techniqueshoulderlong head of the biceps tendonrotator cuff |
| spellingShingle | Heng Xue Stephen Bird Ling Jiang Jie Jiang Ligang Cui Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions Diagnostics ultrasonography scanning technique shoulder long head of the biceps tendon rotator cuff |
| title | Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions |
| title_full | Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions |
| title_short | Anchoring Apparatus of Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: Ultrasonographic Anatomy and Pathologic Conditions |
| title_sort | anchoring apparatus of long head of the biceps tendon ultrasonographic anatomy and pathologic conditions |
| topic | ultrasonography scanning technique shoulder long head of the biceps tendon rotator cuff |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/659 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hengxue anchoringapparatusoflongheadofthebicepstendonultrasonographicanatomyandpathologicconditions AT stephenbird anchoringapparatusoflongheadofthebicepstendonultrasonographicanatomyandpathologicconditions AT lingjiang anchoringapparatusoflongheadofthebicepstendonultrasonographicanatomyandpathologicconditions AT jiejiang anchoringapparatusoflongheadofthebicepstendonultrasonographicanatomyandpathologicconditions AT ligangcui anchoringapparatusoflongheadofthebicepstendonultrasonographicanatomyandpathologicconditions |