Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations
Supersaturated (Ti,Al)N materials with face centered cubic (fcc) structure offer unique combinations of thermal stability and mechanical properties. However, their thermally-induced decomposition processes are crucial for extracting their full potential. Detailed experimental studies by X-ray diffra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522010140 |
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| author | Chun Hu Jie Zhang Li Chen Yu X. Xu Yi Kong Jian W. Du Paul H. Mayrhofer |
| author_facet | Chun Hu Jie Zhang Li Chen Yu X. Xu Yi Kong Jian W. Du Paul H. Mayrhofer |
| author_sort | Chun Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Supersaturated (Ti,Al)N materials with face centered cubic (fcc) structure offer unique combinations of thermal stability and mechanical properties. However, their thermally-induced decomposition processes are crucial for extracting their full potential. Detailed experimental studies by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the formation of the thermodynamically stable wurtzite-type w-AlN starts with 1000 °C at 100 °C lower annealing temperatures (Ta) when applying a multilayer-concept with TiN to form (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers. Nevertheless, the hardness of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers peaks with 32.3 ± 1.0 GPa at a 100 °C higher Ta (900 °C) than the (Ti,Al)N coating, and the hardness declining trend with increasing Ta is milder. This is because the (Ti,Al)N decomposes towards a layered structure of Al-rich and Ti-rich regions, when coherently grown with fcc-TiN. Ab initio calculations highlight that Al within the (Ti,Al)N layers preferentially diffuses away from the coherent interface with the TiN layers. Thus, out of one (Ti,Al)N layer more layers form, and even upon the phase-transformation of the Al-rich layers to w-AlN, their layered structure remains. Together, the computational and experimental results suggest that the layered arrangement provides a higher resistance against dislocation glide and is beneficial for the coating integrity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:51:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a90a60c97a64a24811bcf3ea587428f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:51:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a90a60c97a64a24811bcf3ea587428f2022-12-22T03:52:55ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752022-12-01224111392Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigationsChun Hu0Jie Zhang1Li Chen2Yu X. Xu3Yi Kong4Jian W. Du5Paul H. Mayrhofer6State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, AustriaState Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co., LTD, Zhuzhou 412007, China; Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (L. Chen).State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (L. Chen).State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaInstitute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, AustriaSupersaturated (Ti,Al)N materials with face centered cubic (fcc) structure offer unique combinations of thermal stability and mechanical properties. However, their thermally-induced decomposition processes are crucial for extracting their full potential. Detailed experimental studies by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the formation of the thermodynamically stable wurtzite-type w-AlN starts with 1000 °C at 100 °C lower annealing temperatures (Ta) when applying a multilayer-concept with TiN to form (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers. Nevertheless, the hardness of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers peaks with 32.3 ± 1.0 GPa at a 100 °C higher Ta (900 °C) than the (Ti,Al)N coating, and the hardness declining trend with increasing Ta is milder. This is because the (Ti,Al)N decomposes towards a layered structure of Al-rich and Ti-rich regions, when coherently grown with fcc-TiN. Ab initio calculations highlight that Al within the (Ti,Al)N layers preferentially diffuses away from the coherent interface with the TiN layers. Thus, out of one (Ti,Al)N layer more layers form, and even upon the phase-transformation of the Al-rich layers to w-AlN, their layered structure remains. Together, the computational and experimental results suggest that the layered arrangement provides a higher resistance against dislocation glide and is beneficial for the coating integrity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522010140(Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayerAb initioSpinodal decompositionInterface |
| spellingShingle | Chun Hu Jie Zhang Li Chen Yu X. Xu Yi Kong Jian W. Du Paul H. Mayrhofer Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations Materials & Design (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayer Ab initio Spinodal decomposition Interface |
| title | Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations |
| title_full | Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations |
| title_fullStr | Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations |
| title_short | Self-layering of (Ti,Al)N by interface-directed spinodal decomposition of (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayers: First-principles and experimental investigations |
| title_sort | self layering of ti al n by interface directed spinodal decomposition of ti al n tin multilayers first principles and experimental investigations |
| topic | (Ti,Al)N/TiN multilayer Ab initio Spinodal decomposition Interface |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522010140 |
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