Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017
Background: The prevalence of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases has increased for decades in Northern Europe, but recent studies are lacking. Objective: We sought to study the prevalence trends of allergic sensitization, associated risk factors, and the association with asthma and allergi...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829323000759 |
| _version_ | 1797632640675741696 |
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| author | Eva Rönmark, PhD Joakim Bunne, MD Anders Bjerg, MD, PhD Matthew Perzanowski, PhD Anna Winberg, MD, PhD Martin Andersson, MD, PhD Thomas Platts-Mills, MD, PhD Linnea Hedman, PhD |
| author_facet | Eva Rönmark, PhD Joakim Bunne, MD Anders Bjerg, MD, PhD Matthew Perzanowski, PhD Anna Winberg, MD, PhD Martin Andersson, MD, PhD Thomas Platts-Mills, MD, PhD Linnea Hedman, PhD |
| author_sort | Eva Rönmark, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The prevalence of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases has increased for decades in Northern Europe, but recent studies are lacking. Objective: We sought to study the prevalence trends of allergic sensitization, associated risk factors, and the association with asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) among children in Northern Sweden. Methods: Three cohorts of children aged 7 to 8 years participated in a skin prick test (SPT) with 10 airborne allergens in 1996, 2006, and 2017, with 2148, 1693, and 1762 participants tested, respectively, representing 87% to 90% of schoolchildren in the catchment communities. Adjusted Poisson regression was used to identify risk factors for allergic sensitization and the association with asthma and AR. Results: The prevalence of any positive SPT response increased from 21% in 1996 to 30% in 2006 and remained at 30% in 2017 (P < .001). Sensitization to cat was the most common for all the years. The risk factor pattern for a positive SPT response was similar in all examinations, with positive and significant associations with a family history of allergy (risk ratio, 1.4-1.5) and negative and significant associations with having a cat at home (risk ratio, 0.7-0.8). The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma increased, but the association with allergic sensitization weakened. The opposite trends were found for AR—decreasing prevalence and strengthened association with allergic sensitization. Conclusions: The prevalence of allergic sensitization increased from 1996 to 2006 but plateaued in the next decade, whereas the risk factor pattern remained stable. The diverging trends of associations between allergic sensitization and asthma and AR suggest secular trends in the clinical management of allergic diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:40:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a9226fd9fdb4afa8f6b325d6a03d8ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-8293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:40:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a9226fd9fdb4afa8f6b325d6a03d8ea2023-11-10T04:16:52ZengElsevierJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global2772-82932023-11-0124100150Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017Eva Rönmark, PhD0Joakim Bunne, MD1Anders Bjerg, MD, PhD2Matthew Perzanowski, PhD3Anna Winberg, MD, PhD4Martin Andersson, MD, PhD5Thomas Platts-Mills, MD, PhD6Linnea Hedman, PhD7Division of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå; Corresponding author: Eva Rönmark, PhD, Division of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90 185, Sweden.Division of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, UmeåDepartment of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, StockholmDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New YorkDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics Unit, Umeå University, UmeåDivision of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, UmeåDivision of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia, CharlottesvilleDivision of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, UmeåBackground: The prevalence of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases has increased for decades in Northern Europe, but recent studies are lacking. Objective: We sought to study the prevalence trends of allergic sensitization, associated risk factors, and the association with asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) among children in Northern Sweden. Methods: Three cohorts of children aged 7 to 8 years participated in a skin prick test (SPT) with 10 airborne allergens in 1996, 2006, and 2017, with 2148, 1693, and 1762 participants tested, respectively, representing 87% to 90% of schoolchildren in the catchment communities. Adjusted Poisson regression was used to identify risk factors for allergic sensitization and the association with asthma and AR. Results: The prevalence of any positive SPT response increased from 21% in 1996 to 30% in 2006 and remained at 30% in 2017 (P < .001). Sensitization to cat was the most common for all the years. The risk factor pattern for a positive SPT response was similar in all examinations, with positive and significant associations with a family history of allergy (risk ratio, 1.4-1.5) and negative and significant associations with having a cat at home (risk ratio, 0.7-0.8). The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma increased, but the association with allergic sensitization weakened. The opposite trends were found for AR—decreasing prevalence and strengthened association with allergic sensitization. Conclusions: The prevalence of allergic sensitization increased from 1996 to 2006 but plateaued in the next decade, whereas the risk factor pattern remained stable. The diverging trends of associations between allergic sensitization and asthma and AR suggest secular trends in the clinical management of allergic diseases.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829323000759Allergic sensitizationasthmaallergic rhinitisepidemiologyOLINschoolchildren |
| spellingShingle | Eva Rönmark, PhD Joakim Bunne, MD Anders Bjerg, MD, PhD Matthew Perzanowski, PhD Anna Winberg, MD, PhD Martin Andersson, MD, PhD Thomas Platts-Mills, MD, PhD Linnea Hedman, PhD Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global Allergic sensitization asthma allergic rhinitis epidemiology OLIN schoolchildren |
| title | Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| title_full | Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| title_short | Prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization: 3 cross-sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| title_sort | prevalence and risk factors for allergic sensitization 3 cross sectional studies among schoolchildren from 1996 to 2017 |
| topic | Allergic sensitization asthma allergic rhinitis epidemiology OLIN schoolchildren |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829323000759 |
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