Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity
Abnormally high-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity (30–100 Hz) in behaving animals is seen after a hippocampal seizure, following injection of phencyclidine (PCP) or ketamine, and transiently in a delirium stage during induction of general anesthesia. High-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity in b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2022.895000/full |
| _version_ | 1828331673137184768 |
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| author | L. Stan Leung Jingyi Ma |
| author_facet | L. Stan Leung Jingyi Ma |
| author_sort | L. Stan Leung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abnormally high-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity (30–100 Hz) in behaving animals is seen after a hippocampal seizure, following injection of phencyclidine (PCP) or ketamine, and transiently in a delirium stage during induction of general anesthesia. High-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity in behaving rats is associated with hyperactive behavior and impairment in sensorimotor gating and sensory gating. The medial septum is necessary for the high-amplitude gamma activity and abnormal behaviors observed following a hippocampal seizure or injection of PCP/ketamine. Glutamatergic projection of the hippocampus to the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and dopaminergic transmission in NAC is necessary for abnormal behaviors. Large hippocampal gamma waves are suggested to contribute to seizure-induced automatism following temporal lobe seizures, and the schizophrenia-like symptoms induced by PCP/ketamine. Low-amplitude gamma activity is found during general anesthesia, associated with loss of consciousness in humans and loss of righting reflex in animals. Local inactivation or lesion of the medial septum, NAC, and brain areas connected to the septohippocampal-NAC system attenuates the increase in hippocampal gamma and associated behavioral disruptions induced by hippocampal seizure or PCP/ketamine. Inactivation or lesion of the septohippocampal-NAC system decreases the dose of anesthetic necessary for gamma decrease and loss of consciousness in animals. Thus, it is proposed that the septohippocampal-NAC system serves to control consciousness and the behavioral hyperactivity and neural dysfunctions during psychosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:55:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a9f913c58424fd8a647020160526f1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5110 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:55:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a9f913c58424fd8a647020160526f1a2022-12-22T02:30:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neural Circuits1662-51102022-07-011610.3389/fncir.2022.895000895000Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma ActivityL. Stan LeungJingyi MaAbnormally high-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity (30–100 Hz) in behaving animals is seen after a hippocampal seizure, following injection of phencyclidine (PCP) or ketamine, and transiently in a delirium stage during induction of general anesthesia. High-amplitude hippocampal gamma activity in behaving rats is associated with hyperactive behavior and impairment in sensorimotor gating and sensory gating. The medial septum is necessary for the high-amplitude gamma activity and abnormal behaviors observed following a hippocampal seizure or injection of PCP/ketamine. Glutamatergic projection of the hippocampus to the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and dopaminergic transmission in NAC is necessary for abnormal behaviors. Large hippocampal gamma waves are suggested to contribute to seizure-induced automatism following temporal lobe seizures, and the schizophrenia-like symptoms induced by PCP/ketamine. Low-amplitude gamma activity is found during general anesthesia, associated with loss of consciousness in humans and loss of righting reflex in animals. Local inactivation or lesion of the medial septum, NAC, and brain areas connected to the septohippocampal-NAC system attenuates the increase in hippocampal gamma and associated behavioral disruptions induced by hippocampal seizure or PCP/ketamine. Inactivation or lesion of the septohippocampal-NAC system decreases the dose of anesthetic necessary for gamma decrease and loss of consciousness in animals. Thus, it is proposed that the septohippocampal-NAC system serves to control consciousness and the behavioral hyperactivity and neural dysfunctions during psychosis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2022.895000/fullgamma wavesketaminegeneral anesthesiahippocampal seizureschizophrenia |
| spellingShingle | L. Stan Leung Jingyi Ma Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity Frontiers in Neural Circuits gamma waves ketamine general anesthesia hippocampal seizure schizophrenia |
| title | Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity |
| title_full | Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity |
| title_fullStr | Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity |
| title_short | Medial Septum Modulates Consciousness and Psychosis-Related Behaviors Through Hippocampal Gamma Activity |
| title_sort | medial septum modulates consciousness and psychosis related behaviors through hippocampal gamma activity |
| topic | gamma waves ketamine general anesthesia hippocampal seizure schizophrenia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2022.895000/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lstanleung medialseptummodulatesconsciousnessandpsychosisrelatedbehaviorsthroughhippocampalgammaactivity AT jingyima medialseptummodulatesconsciousnessandpsychosisrelatedbehaviorsthroughhippocampalgammaactivity |