AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer
Fanqi Wu,1,* Longguo Zhang,2,* Li Wang,3,* Dekui Zhang4 1Department of Respiratory, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2022-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of General Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/agt-may-serve-as-a-prognostic-biomarker-and-correlated-with-immune-inf-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM |
| _version_ | 1819279602012389376 |
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| author | Wu F Zhang L Wang L Zhang D |
| author_facet | Wu F Zhang L Wang L Zhang D |
| author_sort | Wu F |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fanqi Wu,1,* Longguo Zhang,2,* Li Wang,3,* Dekui Zhang4 1Department of Respiratory, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dekui Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13919788616, Email zhangdk8616@126.comPurpose: Angiotensinogen (AGT), as a component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is associated with multiple risk factors for gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between AGT and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in GC remains elusive.Methods: AGT expression was analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Kaplan–Meier curve was employed to assess the role of AGT expression in gastric patients’ prognosis. The association between AGT expression and tumor immune infiltration was further evaluated via exploring Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). We also used multiple public databases to analyse the aberrant methylation of AGT, construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) and gene ontology (GO) analyses.Results: AGT was overexpressed in GC tissues compared with normal gastric tissues (P< 0.05). High AGT expression related with poorer overall survival of patients with GC, especially in advanced GC patients. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that AGT was associated with several immune cells (including B cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages), and AGT expression was also associated with the markers of NK cells, TAMs, Tregs, and so on (all P< 0.05). Methylation analysis indicated that hypomethylation may lead to abnormal upregulation of the AGT. GO analysis showed that AGT and its related genes were enriched in systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone, regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin, NIK/NF-kappaB signaling, ficolin-1-rich granule and so on.Conclusion: AGT could act as a promising biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in GC.Keywords: angiotensinogen, prognosis, tumor-infiltrating, methylation, stomach adenocarcinoma |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:30:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8aa6cc66159a402fa5f64700cd671373 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7074 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:30:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of General Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-8aa6cc66159a402fa5f64700cd6713732022-12-21T17:24:17ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of General Medicine1178-70742022-02-01Volume 151865187873135AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric CancerWu FZhang LWang LZhang DFanqi Wu,1,* Longguo Zhang,2,* Li Wang,3,* Dekui Zhang4 1Department of Respiratory, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dekui Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13919788616, Email zhangdk8616@126.comPurpose: Angiotensinogen (AGT), as a component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is associated with multiple risk factors for gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between AGT and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in GC remains elusive.Methods: AGT expression was analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Kaplan–Meier curve was employed to assess the role of AGT expression in gastric patients’ prognosis. The association between AGT expression and tumor immune infiltration was further evaluated via exploring Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). We also used multiple public databases to analyse the aberrant methylation of AGT, construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) and gene ontology (GO) analyses.Results: AGT was overexpressed in GC tissues compared with normal gastric tissues (P< 0.05). High AGT expression related with poorer overall survival of patients with GC, especially in advanced GC patients. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that AGT was associated with several immune cells (including B cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages), and AGT expression was also associated with the markers of NK cells, TAMs, Tregs, and so on (all P< 0.05). Methylation analysis indicated that hypomethylation may lead to abnormal upregulation of the AGT. GO analysis showed that AGT and its related genes were enriched in systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone, regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin, NIK/NF-kappaB signaling, ficolin-1-rich granule and so on.Conclusion: AGT could act as a promising biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in GC.Keywords: angiotensinogen, prognosis, tumor-infiltrating, methylation, stomach adenocarcinomahttps://www.dovepress.com/agt-may-serve-as-a-prognostic-biomarker-and-correlated-with-immune-inf-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGMangiotensinogenprognosistumor-infiltratingmethylationstomach adenocarcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Wu F Zhang L Wang L Zhang D AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer International Journal of General Medicine angiotensinogen prognosis tumor-infiltrating methylation stomach adenocarcinoma |
| title | AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer |
| title_full | AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer |
| title_fullStr | AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer |
| title_short | AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer |
| title_sort | agt may serve as a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer |
| topic | angiotensinogen prognosis tumor-infiltrating methylation stomach adenocarcinoma |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/agt-may-serve-as-a-prognostic-biomarker-and-correlated-with-immune-inf-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM |
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