Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat
Whole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum, WCW) has a high nutritional value and digestibility. No-tillage (NT) can reduces energy and labor inputs in the agricultural production process, thus decreasing production costs. There are many studies on planting techniques of WCW at present, few being on no-til...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1357442/full |
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| author | Liuxing Xu Liuxing Xu Guojian Tang Guojian Tang Dan Wu Yan Han Jianguo Zhang |
| author_facet | Liuxing Xu Liuxing Xu Guojian Tang Guojian Tang Dan Wu Yan Han Jianguo Zhang |
| author_sort | Liuxing Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Whole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum, WCW) has a high nutritional value and digestibility. No-tillage (NT) can reduces energy and labor inputs in the agricultural production process, thus decreasing production costs. There are many studies on planting techniques of WCW at present, few being on no-tillage planting. This study aimed to compare the effects of different tillage methods and maturity stages on the yield, nutritive value, and silage fermentation quality of WCW. The experiment included two tillage methods (NT; conventional tillage, CT), two maturity stages (flowering stage; milk stage), and three years (2016-2017; 2017-2018; 2018-2019). Years had a strong influence on the yield and nutritional composition of WCW. This was mainly related to the amount of rainfall, as it affects the seedling emergence rate of wheat. Although tillage methods showed no significant effects on the yield, plant height, and stem number per plant of WCW (P > 0.05), compared to CT, the dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yields of NT decreased by 0.74 t/ha and 0.13 t/ha. Tillage methods showed no significant effects on the nutritive composition of WCW (P > 0.05). The WCW at the milk stage had greater DM (5.25 t/ha) and CP (0.60 t/ha) yields than that at the flowering stage (3.19 t/ha and 0.39 t/ha) (P< 0.05). The acid detergent fiber concentration of WCW decreased by 34.5% from the flowering to the milk stage, whereas water-soluble carbohydrates concentration increased by 50.6%. The CP concentration at the milk stage was lower than that at the flowering stage (P< 0.05). The lactic acid concentration of NT (17.1 g/kg DM) silage was lower than that of CT (26.6 g/kg DM) silage (P< 0.05). The WCW silage at the milk stage had a lower NH3-N concentration (125 g/kg TN) than that at the flowering stage (169 g/kg TN) (P< 0.05). Wheat sown by NT and CT was of similar yield and nutritional value, irrespective of harvest stages. WCW harvested at the milk stage had greater yield and better nutritional composition and silage fermentation quality than that at the flowering stage. Based upon the results of the membership function analysis, no-tillage sowing of wheat was feasible and harvesting at milk stage was recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:46:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8aab7c2793774ef183df169edb457547 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:46:26Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-8aab7c2793774ef183df169edb4575472024-03-27T05:07:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2024-03-011510.3389/fpls.2024.13574421357442Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheatLiuxing Xu0Liuxing Xu1Guojian Tang2Guojian Tang3Dan Wu4Yan Han5Jianguo Zhang6Department of Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, ChinaDepartment of Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Biological Sciences and Technology, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, ChinaDepartment of Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaWhole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum, WCW) has a high nutritional value and digestibility. No-tillage (NT) can reduces energy and labor inputs in the agricultural production process, thus decreasing production costs. There are many studies on planting techniques of WCW at present, few being on no-tillage planting. This study aimed to compare the effects of different tillage methods and maturity stages on the yield, nutritive value, and silage fermentation quality of WCW. The experiment included two tillage methods (NT; conventional tillage, CT), two maturity stages (flowering stage; milk stage), and three years (2016-2017; 2017-2018; 2018-2019). Years had a strong influence on the yield and nutritional composition of WCW. This was mainly related to the amount of rainfall, as it affects the seedling emergence rate of wheat. Although tillage methods showed no significant effects on the yield, plant height, and stem number per plant of WCW (P > 0.05), compared to CT, the dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yields of NT decreased by 0.74 t/ha and 0.13 t/ha. Tillage methods showed no significant effects on the nutritive composition of WCW (P > 0.05). The WCW at the milk stage had greater DM (5.25 t/ha) and CP (0.60 t/ha) yields than that at the flowering stage (3.19 t/ha and 0.39 t/ha) (P< 0.05). The acid detergent fiber concentration of WCW decreased by 34.5% from the flowering to the milk stage, whereas water-soluble carbohydrates concentration increased by 50.6%. The CP concentration at the milk stage was lower than that at the flowering stage (P< 0.05). The lactic acid concentration of NT (17.1 g/kg DM) silage was lower than that of CT (26.6 g/kg DM) silage (P< 0.05). The WCW silage at the milk stage had a lower NH3-N concentration (125 g/kg TN) than that at the flowering stage (169 g/kg TN) (P< 0.05). Wheat sown by NT and CT was of similar yield and nutritional value, irrespective of harvest stages. WCW harvested at the milk stage had greater yield and better nutritional composition and silage fermentation quality than that at the flowering stage. Based upon the results of the membership function analysis, no-tillage sowing of wheat was feasible and harvesting at milk stage was recommended.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1357442/fullmaturitynutritive valuewhole-crop wheatno-tillageyield |
| spellingShingle | Liuxing Xu Liuxing Xu Guojian Tang Guojian Tang Dan Wu Yan Han Jianguo Zhang Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat Frontiers in Plant Science maturity nutritive value whole-crop wheat no-tillage yield |
| title | Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat |
| title_full | Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat |
| title_fullStr | Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat |
| title_short | Effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield, nutritive composition, and silage fermentation quality of whole-crop wheat |
| title_sort | effects of tillage and maturity stage on the yield nutritive composition and silage fermentation quality of whole crop wheat |
| topic | maturity nutritive value whole-crop wheat no-tillage yield |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1357442/full |
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