Comparison of Haematological Variables in Helicobacter Pylori-Infected Patients with Ulcer and without Ulcer: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is predominantly responsible for acute and chronic progressive gastroduodenal inflammation. Symptoms of gastric diseases vary from dyspepsia to altered bowel movements, leading to ulcers and potential gastrointestinal bleeding. Consequently, H. pylor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18361/64964_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(JY_SS_OM)_QC(SHK_RDW_IS)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is predominantly
responsible for acute and chronic progressive gastroduodenal
inflammation. Symptoms of gastric diseases vary from
dyspepsia to altered bowel movements, leading to ulcers and
potential gastrointestinal bleeding. Consequently, H. pylori can
have a variable effect on the gastrointestinal tract and other
organs. Ongoing research has shown associations between
H. pylori and haematological manifestations. Recent studies
have reported a 90% incidence of duodenal ulcers and an 80%
incidence of gastric ulcers in patients with H. pylori infection.
Aim: To investigate haematological manifestations in H. pyloriinfected patients with and without ulcers, and to compare the
haematological variables.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was
conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology at King
George’s Medical University in Lucknow, India, from October
2021 to October 2022. One hundred patients diagnosed with
H. pylori-positive biopsy through endoscopy were enrolled in
the study. Among these patients, 51% had ulcers with H. pylori
infection (enrolled as cases), while 49% were H. pylori infected
but without ulcers (enrolled as controls). Samples were analysed
for Haemoglobin (Hb) levels, Red Blood Cell (RBC) count,
Reticulocyte Count (RetC), serum iron, serum ferritin, Total Iron
Binding Capacity (TIBC), serum vitamin B12, and Homocysteine
(HCy) levels. Statistical analysis involved independent sample
t-tests to compare continuous data and chi-square tests to
compare categorical data.
Results: The majority of patients included in the study, both
with ulcers (70.6%) and without ulcers (59.2%), were males
with mean±Standard Deviation (SD) ages of 32.39±7.25 years
and 29.86±7.66 years, respectively. In the present study, low
reticulocyte count, anaemia, deranged RBC count, low serum
iron, high TIBC, and low ferritin were observed in 9%, 22%,
61%, 11%, 12%, and 8% of the patients, respectively. Vitamin
B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia were observed in
6% and 1% of the cases, respectively. Among patients with
ulcers, the strongest correlation was found between serum iron
and serum ferritin (r-value=0.901), while the weakest correlation
was found between vitamin B12 and RetC (r-value=0.206).
Among patients without ulcers, the strongest correlation
was found between serum iron and Hb (r-value=0.884), while
the weakest correlation was found between TIBC and HCy
(r-value=0.270).
Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a significant
association between H. pylori infection-induced ulcers and
decreased mean reticulocyte count, serum iron, and serum
ferritin levels. Recognising these haematological derangements
and including them as indications for H. pylori eradication may
lead to a remarkable improvement in the management regime. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |