Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners
The inspection of railway fasteners to assess their clamping force can be used to evaluate the looseness of the fasteners and improve railway safety. Although there are various methods for inspecting railway fasteners, there is still a need for non-contact, fast inspection without installing additio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3299 |
| _version_ | 1827747627170529280 |
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| author | Zhengji Fan Yingping Hong Yunfeng Wang Yanan Niu Huixin Zhang Chengqun Chu |
| author_facet | Zhengji Fan Yingping Hong Yunfeng Wang Yanan Niu Huixin Zhang Chengqun Chu |
| author_sort | Zhengji Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The inspection of railway fasteners to assess their clamping force can be used to evaluate the looseness of the fasteners and improve railway safety. Although there are various methods for inspecting railway fasteners, there is still a need for non-contact, fast inspection without installing additional devices on fasteners. In this study, a system that uses digital fringe projection technology to measure the 3D topography of the fastener was developed. This system inspects the looseness through a series of algorithms, including point cloud denoising, coarse registration based on fast point feature histograms (FPFH) features, fine registration based on the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, specific region selection, kernel density estimation, and ridge regression. Unlike the previous inspection technology, which can only measure the geometric parameters of fasteners to characterize the tightness, this system can directly estimate the tightening torque and the bolt clamping force. Experiments on WJ-8 fasteners showed a root mean square error of 9.272 N·m and 1.94 kN for the tightening torque and clamping force, demonstrating that the system is sufficiently precise to replace manual measurement and can substantially improve inspection efficiency while evaluating railway fastener looseness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:55:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ab40d5f23484792974623017bbe8113 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:55:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ab40d5f23484792974623017bbe81132023-11-17T13:48:45ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-03-01236329910.3390/s23063299Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway FastenersZhengji Fan0Yingping Hong1Yunfeng Wang2Yanan Niu3Huixin Zhang4Chengqun Chu5School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaThe inspection of railway fasteners to assess their clamping force can be used to evaluate the looseness of the fasteners and improve railway safety. Although there are various methods for inspecting railway fasteners, there is still a need for non-contact, fast inspection without installing additional devices on fasteners. In this study, a system that uses digital fringe projection technology to measure the 3D topography of the fastener was developed. This system inspects the looseness through a series of algorithms, including point cloud denoising, coarse registration based on fast point feature histograms (FPFH) features, fine registration based on the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, specific region selection, kernel density estimation, and ridge regression. Unlike the previous inspection technology, which can only measure the geometric parameters of fasteners to characterize the tightness, this system can directly estimate the tightening torque and the bolt clamping force. Experiments on WJ-8 fasteners showed a root mean square error of 9.272 N·m and 1.94 kN for the tightening torque and clamping force, demonstrating that the system is sufficiently precise to replace manual measurement and can substantially improve inspection efficiency while evaluating railway fastener looseness.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3299fastener looseness detectionnon-contact methodspoint cloud processingkernel density estimationrail fastener, railway safety inspectionridge regression |
| spellingShingle | Zhengji Fan Yingping Hong Yunfeng Wang Yanan Niu Huixin Zhang Chengqun Chu Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners Sensors fastener looseness detection non-contact methods point cloud processing kernel density estimation rail fastener, railway safety inspection ridge regression |
| title | Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners |
| title_full | Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners |
| title_fullStr | Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners |
| title_full_unstemmed | Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners |
| title_short | Digital Fringe Projection-Based Clamping Force Estimation Algorithm for Railway Fasteners |
| title_sort | digital fringe projection based clamping force estimation algorithm for railway fasteners |
| topic | fastener looseness detection non-contact methods point cloud processing kernel density estimation rail fastener, railway safety inspection ridge regression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3299 |
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