Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica
The Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is an important commercial bivalve species which also has numerous ecological roles including biogeochemical cycling, providing habitat for larval fish and crustaceans, and reducing the impacts of coastal storms. Oil may pose a threat to oyster larvae swimm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Toxicology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666027X23000154 |
| _version_ | 1797397556971438080 |
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| author | M.D. Zavell K.W. Chung P.B. Key P.L. Pennington M.E. DeLorenzo |
| author_facet | M.D. Zavell K.W. Chung P.B. Key P.L. Pennington M.E. DeLorenzo |
| author_sort | M.D. Zavell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is an important commercial bivalve species which also has numerous ecological roles including biogeochemical cycling, providing habitat for larval fish and crustaceans, and reducing the impacts of coastal storms. Oil may pose a threat to oyster larvae swimming in the water column, leading to potential negative effects on survival, growth, and development. Oil toxicity may be further enhanced by chemical changes in the presence of sunlight. This study determined the toxicity of thin oil sheens with and without ultraviolet (UV) light, then examined the latent effects of the short term exposure on longer term survival and swimming ability. Larval C. virginica were exposed to four different oil sheen thicknesses for 24 h with either no UV light or 2-h UV light. Following the exposure, larvae were transferred to clean seawater and no UV light for 96 h. The presence of a 2-h UV light exposure significantly increased oyster mortality, indicating photo-enhanced toxicity. The LC50 for a 24-h oil sheen exposure without UV was 7.26 µm (23 µg/L PAH50) while a 2 h-UV exposure lowered the sheen toxicity threshold to 2.67 µm (10 µg/L PAH50). A previous 24-h oil sheen exposure (≥0.5 µm) led to latent effects on larval oyster survival, regardless of previous UV exposure. Sublethal impacts to larval oyster swimming behavior were also observed from the previous oil sheen exposure combined with UV exposure. This study provides new data for the toxicity of thin oil sheens to a sensitive early life stage of estuarine bivalve. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:11:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8acc2012238c40dbbb24bb8af8d47ce2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-027X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:11:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Research in Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8acc2012238c40dbbb24bb8af8d47ce22023-12-11T04:17:10ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Toxicology2666-027X2023-01-015100117Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginicaM.D. Zavell0K.W. Chung1P.B. Key2P.L. Pennington3M.E. DeLorenzo4Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Corresponding author.The Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is an important commercial bivalve species which also has numerous ecological roles including biogeochemical cycling, providing habitat for larval fish and crustaceans, and reducing the impacts of coastal storms. Oil may pose a threat to oyster larvae swimming in the water column, leading to potential negative effects on survival, growth, and development. Oil toxicity may be further enhanced by chemical changes in the presence of sunlight. This study determined the toxicity of thin oil sheens with and without ultraviolet (UV) light, then examined the latent effects of the short term exposure on longer term survival and swimming ability. Larval C. virginica were exposed to four different oil sheen thicknesses for 24 h with either no UV light or 2-h UV light. Following the exposure, larvae were transferred to clean seawater and no UV light for 96 h. The presence of a 2-h UV light exposure significantly increased oyster mortality, indicating photo-enhanced toxicity. The LC50 for a 24-h oil sheen exposure without UV was 7.26 µm (23 µg/L PAH50) while a 2 h-UV exposure lowered the sheen toxicity threshold to 2.67 µm (10 µg/L PAH50). A previous 24-h oil sheen exposure (≥0.5 µm) led to latent effects on larval oyster survival, regardless of previous UV exposure. Sublethal impacts to larval oyster swimming behavior were also observed from the previous oil sheen exposure combined with UV exposure. This study provides new data for the toxicity of thin oil sheens to a sensitive early life stage of estuarine bivalve.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666027X23000154LarvalOystersOilSheenUVToxicity |
| spellingShingle | M.D. Zavell K.W. Chung P.B. Key P.L. Pennington M.E. DeLorenzo Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica Current Research in Toxicology Larval Oysters Oil Sheen UV Toxicity |
| title | Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica |
| title_full | Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica |
| title_fullStr | Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica |
| title_short | Interactive effects of Louisiana Sweet Crude (LSC) thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica |
| title_sort | interactive effects of louisiana sweet crude lsc thin oil sheens and ultraviolet light on mortality and swimming behavior of the larval eastern oyster crassostrea virginica |
| topic | Larval Oysters Oil Sheen UV Toxicity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666027X23000154 |
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