Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults
Abstract Objectives To explore the associations of social support, and cognitive activity with cognitive impairment incidence, and further examine the mediation effect of cognitive activity on the association between social support and cognitive impairment incidence based on a nationwide elderly Chi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04655-5 |
| _version_ | 1797355516667625472 |
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| author | Tianpei Ma Jiaqiang Liao Yuguo Ye Jiayuan Li |
| author_facet | Tianpei Ma Jiaqiang Liao Yuguo Ye Jiayuan Li |
| author_sort | Tianpei Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives To explore the associations of social support, and cognitive activity with cognitive impairment incidence, and further examine the mediation effect of cognitive activity on the association between social support and cognitive impairment incidence based on a nationwide elderly Chinese cohort. Methods We collected the participants from an ongoing cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 9394 older adults aged 65 or more years and free of cognitive impairment who participated in the CLHLS between 2008 and 2018 were included. The information on social support and cognitive activity was collected through a questionnaire. The incident cognitive impairment cases were identified through the Mini-Mental State Examination scale (MMSE). Cox proportional hazard regression models were conducted to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of social support and cognitive activity associated with cognitive impairment. We used casual mediation models to assess the indirect association of cognitive activities underlying the association between social support and cognitive impairment. Results The adjusted HRs (95% CI) of incident cognitive impairment were 0.956 (0.932 to 0.980), and 0.895 (0.859 to 0.933) associated with per 1 score increase in social support and cognitive activity score, respectively. Better adherence to social support was associated with a higher cognitive activity score (adjusted β = 0.046, 95% CI[0.032–0.060]). The baseline cognitive activity, as well as the mean cognitive activity at baseline and during the first follow-up wave, mediate the association between social support and the incidence of cognitive impairment, accounting for 11.4% and 12.6% of the total association, respectively. The participants who were aged 80 years or older, or those with mild daily functional limitations gained more benefits in the development of cognitive activity related to social support, leading to a reduction in the risks of cognitive impairment. Conclusion The results of this nationwide cohort provide consistent evidence linking social support, and cognitive activity to reduced risk of subsequent cognitive impairment incidence. These findings provide additional evidence to inform the social strategies to prevent cognitive impairment incidence in elderly people. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:12:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8af9a8ba6811485ca3ab970e10859851 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:12:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8af9a8ba6811485ca3ab970e108598512024-01-14T12:35:42ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182024-01-0124111110.1186/s12877-024-04655-5Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adultsTianpei Ma0Jiaqiang Liao1Yuguo Ye2Jiayuan Li3Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityFaculty of Public Health & Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Objectives To explore the associations of social support, and cognitive activity with cognitive impairment incidence, and further examine the mediation effect of cognitive activity on the association between social support and cognitive impairment incidence based on a nationwide elderly Chinese cohort. Methods We collected the participants from an ongoing cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 9394 older adults aged 65 or more years and free of cognitive impairment who participated in the CLHLS between 2008 and 2018 were included. The information on social support and cognitive activity was collected through a questionnaire. The incident cognitive impairment cases were identified through the Mini-Mental State Examination scale (MMSE). Cox proportional hazard regression models were conducted to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of social support and cognitive activity associated with cognitive impairment. We used casual mediation models to assess the indirect association of cognitive activities underlying the association between social support and cognitive impairment. Results The adjusted HRs (95% CI) of incident cognitive impairment were 0.956 (0.932 to 0.980), and 0.895 (0.859 to 0.933) associated with per 1 score increase in social support and cognitive activity score, respectively. Better adherence to social support was associated with a higher cognitive activity score (adjusted β = 0.046, 95% CI[0.032–0.060]). The baseline cognitive activity, as well as the mean cognitive activity at baseline and during the first follow-up wave, mediate the association between social support and the incidence of cognitive impairment, accounting for 11.4% and 12.6% of the total association, respectively. The participants who were aged 80 years or older, or those with mild daily functional limitations gained more benefits in the development of cognitive activity related to social support, leading to a reduction in the risks of cognitive impairment. Conclusion The results of this nationwide cohort provide consistent evidence linking social support, and cognitive activity to reduced risk of subsequent cognitive impairment incidence. These findings provide additional evidence to inform the social strategies to prevent cognitive impairment incidence in elderly people.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04655-5Cognitive impairmentSocial supportCognitive activityHealth agingMediation |
| spellingShingle | Tianpei Ma Jiaqiang Liao Yuguo Ye Jiayuan Li Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults BMC Geriatrics Cognitive impairment Social support Cognitive activity Health aging Mediation |
| title | Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| title_full | Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| title_fullStr | Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| title_short | Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| title_sort | social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults |
| topic | Cognitive impairment Social support Cognitive activity Health aging Mediation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04655-5 |
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