Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization
Increasing environmental problems related to synthetic plastics for food packaging encourage the creation of more environmentally friendly plastics from Indonesia’s local natural resources, such as durian seed, yellow konjac, and Syzygium myrtifolium leaves, which are abundant in nature. The purpose...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Technoscience Publications
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Nature Environment and Pollution Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://neptjournal.com/upload-images/(44)D-1375.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811205236946108416 |
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| author | N.D. Permatasari, J.E. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S.S. Yuwono and S.B. Widjanarko |
| author_facet | N.D. Permatasari, J.E. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S.S. Yuwono and S.B. Widjanarko |
| author_sort | N.D. Permatasari, J.E. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S.S. Yuwono and S.B. Widjanarko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increasing environmental problems related to synthetic plastics for food packaging encourage the creation of more environmentally friendly plastics from Indonesia’s local natural resources, such as durian seed, yellow konjac, and Syzygium myrtifolium leaves, which are abundant in nature. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the durian seed flour (DSF) mass, yellow konjac flour (YKF) mass, and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves (5-25%) on the tensile strength, elongation, and inhibition zone area of composite bioplastics. The two-level full factorial design was conducted for this experiment with 3 independent factors: DSF mass (0.5-1 g), YKF mass (0.5-1 g), and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves (5-25% b/v), and 3 responses were observed: tensile strength, elongation, and inhibition zone area. The physicomechanical characteristics were then used to further describe the best combination. The results showed that the DSF mass had only affected tensile strength, whereas the YKF mass had affected tensile strength and elongation of composite bioplastics. Meanwhile, the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves only affects the inhibition zone area. The best combination was found in the DSF mass of 0.5 g, YKF mass of 1 g, and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves of 25%, with the tensile strength of 3.30 MPa, elongation of 50.00%, and inhibition zone area of 15.33 mm. Moreover, these combinations also had a thickness of 0.115 mm, modulus young of 0.066 MPa, density of 1.37 g.cm-3, moisture content of 17.14%, and water solubility of 76.91%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:27:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8afc256a1fc74346888aea27d4f4dc77 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-6268 2395-3454 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:27:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Technoscience Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Environment and Pollution Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8afc256a1fc74346888aea27d4f4dc772022-12-22T03:49:38ZengTechnoscience PublicationsNature Environment and Pollution Technology0972-62682395-34542022-12-012141893190110.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i04.044Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its CharacterizationN.D. Permatasari, J.E. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S.S. Yuwono and S.B. WidjanarkoIncreasing environmental problems related to synthetic plastics for food packaging encourage the creation of more environmentally friendly plastics from Indonesia’s local natural resources, such as durian seed, yellow konjac, and Syzygium myrtifolium leaves, which are abundant in nature. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the durian seed flour (DSF) mass, yellow konjac flour (YKF) mass, and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves (5-25%) on the tensile strength, elongation, and inhibition zone area of composite bioplastics. The two-level full factorial design was conducted for this experiment with 3 independent factors: DSF mass (0.5-1 g), YKF mass (0.5-1 g), and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves (5-25% b/v), and 3 responses were observed: tensile strength, elongation, and inhibition zone area. The physicomechanical characteristics were then used to further describe the best combination. The results showed that the DSF mass had only affected tensile strength, whereas the YKF mass had affected tensile strength and elongation of composite bioplastics. Meanwhile, the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves only affects the inhibition zone area. The best combination was found in the DSF mass of 0.5 g, YKF mass of 1 g, and the concentration of ethanolic extract of S. myrtifolium leaves of 25%, with the tensile strength of 3.30 MPa, elongation of 50.00%, and inhibition zone area of 15.33 mm. Moreover, these combinations also had a thickness of 0.115 mm, modulus young of 0.066 MPa, density of 1.37 g.cm-3, moisture content of 17.14%, and water solubility of 76.91%.https://neptjournal.com/upload-images/(44)D-1375.pdfbioplastics, durian seed, amorphophallus muelleri, physical characteristics, syzygium myrtifolium |
| spellingShingle | N.D. Permatasari, J.E. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S.S. Yuwono and S.B. Widjanarko Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization Nature Environment and Pollution Technology bioplastics, durian seed, amorphophallus muelleri, physical characteristics, syzygium myrtifolium |
| title | Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization |
| title_full | Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization |
| title_fullStr | Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization |
| title_short | Application of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design for the Synthesis of Composite Bioplastics from Durian Seed Flour and Yellow Konjac Flour Incorporating Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium myrtifolium Leaves and its Characterization |
| title_sort | application of a two level full factorial design for the synthesis of composite bioplastics from durian seed flour and yellow konjac flour incorporating ethanolic extract of syzygium myrtifolium leaves and its characterization |
| topic | bioplastics, durian seed, amorphophallus muelleri, physical characteristics, syzygium myrtifolium |
| url | https://neptjournal.com/upload-images/(44)D-1375.pdf |
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