The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol
This work describes the effect of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups on the sorption properties of activated carbons produced from furfuryl alcohol. The poly(furfuryl) alcohol underwent carbonization in nitrogen, ammonia, and ammonia and air (in a 3:2 proportion) atmospheres at 600 °C for 4 h. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/987 |
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| author | Agnieszka Kałamaga Rafał J. Wróbel |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Kałamaga Rafał J. Wróbel |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Kałamaga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work describes the effect of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups on the sorption properties of activated carbons produced from furfuryl alcohol. The poly(furfuryl) alcohol underwent carbonization in nitrogen, ammonia, and ammonia and air (in a 3:2 proportion) atmospheres at 600 °C for 4 h. The resulting materials were subsequently activated in a carbon dioxide atmosphere for 1 h at temperatures of 700 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) findings suggest that ammoxidation is superior to amination in terms of nitrogen doping. The maximum nitrogen concentration achieved after ammoxidation was 25 at.%, which decreased to 4 at.% after activation. Additionally, it was observed that oxygen functional groups have a greater impact on porous structure development compared to nitrogen functional groups. The materials activated through carbonization under an ammonia/air atmosphere attained the highest oxygen concentration of roughly 19 at.% as confirmed by XPS. The materials were evaluated for their sorption capacities for carbon dioxide and ethylene, which were 2.2 mmol/g and 2.9 mmol/g, respectively, at 30 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:24:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b3657acc5324883a735e6f8b2ee850c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:24:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b3657acc5324883a735e6f8b2ee850c2024-03-12T16:50:39ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-02-0129598710.3390/molecules29050987The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl AlcoholAgnieszka Kałamaga0Rafał J. Wróbel1Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastów 17 Ave., 70-310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastów 17 Ave., 70-310 Szczecin, PolandThis work describes the effect of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups on the sorption properties of activated carbons produced from furfuryl alcohol. The poly(furfuryl) alcohol underwent carbonization in nitrogen, ammonia, and ammonia and air (in a 3:2 proportion) atmospheres at 600 °C for 4 h. The resulting materials were subsequently activated in a carbon dioxide atmosphere for 1 h at temperatures of 700 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) findings suggest that ammoxidation is superior to amination in terms of nitrogen doping. The maximum nitrogen concentration achieved after ammoxidation was 25 at.%, which decreased to 4 at.% after activation. Additionally, it was observed that oxygen functional groups have a greater impact on porous structure development compared to nitrogen functional groups. The materials activated through carbonization under an ammonia/air atmosphere attained the highest oxygen concentration of roughly 19 at.% as confirmed by XPS. The materials were evaluated for their sorption capacities for carbon dioxide and ethylene, which were 2.2 mmol/g and 2.9 mmol/g, respectively, at 30 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/987activated carbonsnitrogen and oxygen modificationadsorptioncarbon dioxideethylenesorption applications |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Kałamaga Rafał J. Wróbel The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol Molecules activated carbons nitrogen and oxygen modification adsorption carbon dioxide ethylene sorption applications |
| title | The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol |
| title_full | The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol |
| title_short | The Impact of N/O-Functional Groups on the Sorption Capabilities of Activated Carbons Derived from Furfuryl Alcohol |
| title_sort | impact of n o functional groups on the sorption capabilities of activated carbons derived from furfuryl alcohol |
| topic | activated carbons nitrogen and oxygen modification adsorption carbon dioxide ethylene sorption applications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/987 |
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