Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
Background: Miniaturised bioassays permit diagnostic testing near the patient, and the results can be recorded digitally using inexpensive cameras including smartphone and mobile phone cameras. Although digital cameras are now inexpensive and portable, the minimum performance required for microfluid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wellcome
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Wellcome Open Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/6-57/v1 |
| _version_ | 1811336033911963648 |
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| author | Sophie M. Jégouic Alexander D. Edwards Ian M. Jones |
| author_facet | Sophie M. Jégouic Alexander D. Edwards Ian M. Jones |
| author_sort | Sophie M. Jégouic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Miniaturised bioassays permit diagnostic testing near the patient, and the results can be recorded digitally using inexpensive cameras including smartphone and mobile phone cameras. Although digital cameras are now inexpensive and portable, the minimum performance required for microfluidic diagnostic bioassays has not been defined. We present a systematic comparison of a wide range of different digital cameras for capturing and measuring results of microfluidic bioassays and describe a framework to specify performance requirements to quantify immunoassays. Methods: A set of 200 µm diameter microchannels was filled with a range of concentrations of dyes used in colorimetric and fluorometric enzyme immunoassays. These were imaged in parallel using cameras of varying cost and performance ranging from <£30 to >£500. Results: Higher resolution imaging allowed larger numbers of microdevices to be resolved and analysed in a single image. In contrast, low quality cameras were still able to quantify results but for fewer samples. In some cases, an additional macro lens was added to focus closely. If image resolution was sufficient to identify individual microfluidic channels as separate lines, all cameras were able to quantify a similar range of concentrations of both colorimetric and fluorometric dyes. However, the mid-range cameras performed better, with the lowest cost cameras only allowing one or two samples to be quantified per image. Consistent with these findings, we demonstrate that quantitation (to determine endpoint titre) of antibodies against dengue and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses is possible using a wide range of digital imaging devices including the mid-range smartphone iPhone 6S and a budget Android smartphone costing <£50. Conclusions: In conclusion, while more expensive and higher quality cameras allow larger numbers of devices to be simultaneously imaged, even the lowest resolution and cheapest cameras were sufficient to record and quantify immunoassay results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:33:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b45e0fc0f274af3b4700ac2c8b7050f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-502X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:33:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Wellcome |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Wellcome Open Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b45e0fc0f274af3b4700ac2c8b7050f2022-12-22T02:37:30ZengWellcomeWellcome Open Research2398-502X2021-03-01618332Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]Sophie M. Jégouic0Alexander D. Edwards1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2369-989XIan M. Jones2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7738-2516Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 1EE, UKReading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 1EE, UKSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UKBackground: Miniaturised bioassays permit diagnostic testing near the patient, and the results can be recorded digitally using inexpensive cameras including smartphone and mobile phone cameras. Although digital cameras are now inexpensive and portable, the minimum performance required for microfluidic diagnostic bioassays has not been defined. We present a systematic comparison of a wide range of different digital cameras for capturing and measuring results of microfluidic bioassays and describe a framework to specify performance requirements to quantify immunoassays. Methods: A set of 200 µm diameter microchannels was filled with a range of concentrations of dyes used in colorimetric and fluorometric enzyme immunoassays. These were imaged in parallel using cameras of varying cost and performance ranging from <£30 to >£500. Results: Higher resolution imaging allowed larger numbers of microdevices to be resolved and analysed in a single image. In contrast, low quality cameras were still able to quantify results but for fewer samples. In some cases, an additional macro lens was added to focus closely. If image resolution was sufficient to identify individual microfluidic channels as separate lines, all cameras were able to quantify a similar range of concentrations of both colorimetric and fluorometric dyes. However, the mid-range cameras performed better, with the lowest cost cameras only allowing one or two samples to be quantified per image. Consistent with these findings, we demonstrate that quantitation (to determine endpoint titre) of antibodies against dengue and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses is possible using a wide range of digital imaging devices including the mid-range smartphone iPhone 6S and a budget Android smartphone costing <£50. Conclusions: In conclusion, while more expensive and higher quality cameras allow larger numbers of devices to be simultaneously imaged, even the lowest resolution and cheapest cameras were sufficient to record and quantify immunoassay results.https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/6-57/v1smartphone diagnostics point-of-care microfluidics infectioneng |
| spellingShingle | Sophie M. Jégouic Alexander D. Edwards Ian M. Jones Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Wellcome Open Research smartphone diagnostics point-of-care microfluidics infection eng |
| title | Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti dengue and anti sars cov 2 antibody detection version 1 peer review 2 approved |
| topic | smartphone diagnostics point-of-care microfluidics infection eng |
| url | https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/6-57/v1 |
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