| Summary: | Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is a frequently occurring infection of the lower female genital tract, mostly affecting immuno-competent women at childbearing age. <i>Candida albicans</i> is the most prevalent pathogenic yeast—apart from other non-<i>albicans</i> species—related to this fungal infection. Different virulence factors of <i>C. albicans</i> have been identified, which increase the risk of developing VVC. To initiate treatment and positively influence the disease course, fast and reliable diagnosis is crucial. In this narrative review, we cover the existing state of understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of VVC. However, treatment recommendations should follow current guidelines.
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