Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in children rarely complicates life-threatening massive hemoptysis. Here, we report the case of a 15-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was hospitalized for fever and medullary aplasia 1 month after beginning chemotherapy for invasive pulmonary asper...

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Main Authors: Caroline Mora-Soize, MD, Aline Carsin-Vu, MD MSc, Gratiela Mac Caby, MD, Nasredine Belkessa, MD, Claude Marcus, MD PhD, Sebastien Soize, MD PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-10-01
Series:Radiology Case Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1930043322006409
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author Caroline Mora-Soize, MD
Aline Carsin-Vu, MD MSc
Gratiela Mac Caby, MD
Nasredine Belkessa, MD
Claude Marcus, MD PhD
Sebastien Soize, MD PhD
author_facet Caroline Mora-Soize, MD
Aline Carsin-Vu, MD MSc
Gratiela Mac Caby, MD
Nasredine Belkessa, MD
Claude Marcus, MD PhD
Sebastien Soize, MD PhD
author_sort Caroline Mora-Soize, MD
collection DOAJ
description Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in children rarely complicates life-threatening massive hemoptysis. Here, we report the case of a 15-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was hospitalized for fever and medullary aplasia 1 month after beginning chemotherapy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Despite voriconazole and caspofungine treatment, excavation of some lesions caused a unilateral small pneumothorax and bilateral pleural effusion, justifying intensive care management. The massive hemoptysis that occurred on day 23 was complicated with heart failure, and the patient was promptly resuscitated. Fibroscopy and computed tomography angiography (CTA) did not reveal the origin or cause of the bleeding. A second massive bleeding event occurred on day 32, and heart failure resolved after 10min of low flow. A new CTA showed 2 pseudoaneurysms of the subsegmental pulmonary arteries that were treated with embolization. Sedation was gradually decreased owing to improvement in respiratory status, but the patient did not regain consciousness because of deep brain sequelae. A limitation of care was decided upon, and the patient died in the following weeks. Massive hemoptysis is a rare life-threatening complication of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, especially in children. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms are unusual and should be detected as soon as possible to guide therapy. Intensive care management should be followed by embolization if the patient is stable; otherwise, surgery is indicated, ideally after identifying the source of bleeding by CTA or bronchoscopy. Early CTA follow-up can be proposed if the source of bleeding is still unknown as pseudoaneurysms can appear or grow rapidly.
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spelling doaj.art-8b54f2383f094b71aa02815b608825762022-12-22T04:02:48ZengElsevierRadiology Case Reports1930-04332022-10-01171038973902Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenagerCaroline Mora-Soize, MD0Aline Carsin-Vu, MD MSc1Gratiela Mac Caby, MD2Nasredine Belkessa, MD3Claude Marcus, MD PhD4Sebastien Soize, MD PhD5Department of Pediatric Radiology, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 47 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, France; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU de Reims, 51 avenue du Général Koening, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims, France; Corresponding author.Department of Pediatric Radiology, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 47 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, FranceDepartment of Pediatric Radiology, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 47 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, FranceDepartment of Pediatric Radiology, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 47 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, France; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU de Reims, 51 avenue du Général Koening, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims, FranceDepartment of Pediatric Radiology, American Memorial Hospital, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 47 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, France; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU de Reims, 51 avenue du Général Koening, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims, FranceDepartment of Radiology, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 45 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51092, Reims, FranceInvasive pulmonary aspergillosis in children rarely complicates life-threatening massive hemoptysis. Here, we report the case of a 15-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was hospitalized for fever and medullary aplasia 1 month after beginning chemotherapy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Despite voriconazole and caspofungine treatment, excavation of some lesions caused a unilateral small pneumothorax and bilateral pleural effusion, justifying intensive care management. The massive hemoptysis that occurred on day 23 was complicated with heart failure, and the patient was promptly resuscitated. Fibroscopy and computed tomography angiography (CTA) did not reveal the origin or cause of the bleeding. A second massive bleeding event occurred on day 32, and heart failure resolved after 10min of low flow. A new CTA showed 2 pseudoaneurysms of the subsegmental pulmonary arteries that were treated with embolization. Sedation was gradually decreased owing to improvement in respiratory status, but the patient did not regain consciousness because of deep brain sequelae. A limitation of care was decided upon, and the patient died in the following weeks. Massive hemoptysis is a rare life-threatening complication of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, especially in children. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms are unusual and should be detected as soon as possible to guide therapy. Intensive care management should be followed by embolization if the patient is stable; otherwise, surgery is indicated, ideally after identifying the source of bleeding by CTA or bronchoscopy. Early CTA follow-up can be proposed if the source of bleeding is still unknown as pseudoaneurysms can appear or grow rapidly.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1930043322006409AspergillosisHemoptysisPulmonaryAneurysmCase reportChildren
spellingShingle Caroline Mora-Soize, MD
Aline Carsin-Vu, MD MSc
Gratiela Mac Caby, MD
Nasredine Belkessa, MD
Claude Marcus, MD PhD
Sebastien Soize, MD PhD
Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
Radiology Case Reports
Aspergillosis
Hemoptysis
Pulmonary
Aneurysm
Case report
Children
title Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
title_full Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
title_fullStr Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
title_full_unstemmed Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
title_short Recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
title_sort recurrent massive hemoptysis from distal pulmonary pseudoaneurysms complicating invasive aspergillosis in a teenager
topic Aspergillosis
Hemoptysis
Pulmonary
Aneurysm
Case report
Children
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1930043322006409
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