Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Abstract Background Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods We utilized 3D printing (3DP) techno...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-09-01
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| Series: | 3D Printing in Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41205-022-00148-6 |
| _version_ | 1797994976121978880 |
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| author | Helen Xun Christopher Shallal Justin Unger Runhan Tao Alberto Torres Michael Vladimirov Jenna Frye Mohit Singhala Brockett Horne Bo Soo Kim Broc Burke Michael Montana Michael Talcott Bradford Winters Margaret Frisella Bradley S. Kushner Justin M. Sacks James K. Guest Sung Hoon Kang Julie Caffrey |
| author_facet | Helen Xun Christopher Shallal Justin Unger Runhan Tao Alberto Torres Michael Vladimirov Jenna Frye Mohit Singhala Brockett Horne Bo Soo Kim Broc Burke Michael Montana Michael Talcott Bradford Winters Margaret Frisella Bradley S. Kushner Justin M. Sacks James K. Guest Sung Hoon Kang Julie Caffrey |
| author_sort | Helen Xun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods We utilized 3D printing (3DP) technology to rapidly prototype and test critical components for a novel ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, to split one ventilator or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, a novel 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), using the 3DP manometer adaptor to monitor pressures. We tested the ventilator splitter circuit in simulation centers between artificial lungs and used an anesthesia gas machine to successfully ventilate two swine. Results As one of the first studies to demonstrate splitting one anesthesia gas machine between two swine, we present proof-of-concept of a de novo, closed, multiplexing system, with flow restriction for potential individualized patient therapy. Conclusions While possible, due to the complexity, need for experienced operators, and associated risks, ventilator multiplexing should only be reserved for urgent situations with no other alternatives. Our report underscores the initial design and engineering considerations required for rapid medical device prototyping via 3D printing in limited resource environments, including considerations for design, material selection, production, and distribution. We note that optimization of engineering may minimize 3D printing production risks but may not address the inherent risks of the device or change its indications. Thus, our case report provides insights to inform future rapid prototyping of medical devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:54:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b712f001e53495ea803f69d28b5537a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2365-6271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:54:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | 3D Printing in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b712f001e53495ea803f69d28b5537a2022-12-22T04:30:42ZengBMC3D Printing in Medicine2365-62712022-09-018111710.1186/s41205-022-00148-6Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexerHelen Xun0Christopher Shallal1Justin Unger2Runhan Tao3Alberto Torres4Michael Vladimirov5Jenna Frye6Mohit Singhala7Brockett Horne8Bo Soo Kim9Broc Burke10Michael Montana11Michael Talcott12Bradford Winters13Margaret Frisella14Bradley S. Kushner15Justin M. Sacks16James K. Guest17Sung Hoon Kang18Julie Caffrey19Johns Hopkins School of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityMaryland Institute College of ArtDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins UniversityMaryland Institute College of ArtJohns Hopkins School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineJohns Hopkins School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineWashington University in St. Louis School of MedicineDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins UniversityJohns Hopkins School of MedicineAbstract Background Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods We utilized 3D printing (3DP) technology to rapidly prototype and test critical components for a novel ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, to split one ventilator or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, a novel 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), using the 3DP manometer adaptor to monitor pressures. We tested the ventilator splitter circuit in simulation centers between artificial lungs and used an anesthesia gas machine to successfully ventilate two swine. Results As one of the first studies to demonstrate splitting one anesthesia gas machine between two swine, we present proof-of-concept of a de novo, closed, multiplexing system, with flow restriction for potential individualized patient therapy. Conclusions While possible, due to the complexity, need for experienced operators, and associated risks, ventilator multiplexing should only be reserved for urgent situations with no other alternatives. Our report underscores the initial design and engineering considerations required for rapid medical device prototyping via 3D printing in limited resource environments, including considerations for design, material selection, production, and distribution. We note that optimization of engineering may minimize 3D printing production risks but may not address the inherent risks of the device or change its indications. Thus, our case report provides insights to inform future rapid prototyping of medical devices.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41205-022-00148-63D printingVat photopolymerizationMaterial extrusionAustere medicineCovid-19Limited resources |
| spellingShingle | Helen Xun Christopher Shallal Justin Unger Runhan Tao Alberto Torres Michael Vladimirov Jenna Frye Mohit Singhala Brockett Horne Bo Soo Kim Broc Burke Michael Montana Michael Talcott Bradford Winters Margaret Frisella Bradley S. Kushner Justin M. Sacks James K. Guest Sung Hoon Kang Julie Caffrey Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer 3D Printing in Medicine 3D printing Vat photopolymerization Material extrusion Austere medicine Covid-19 Limited resources |
| title | Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer |
| title_full | Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer |
| title_fullStr | Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer |
| title_short | Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer |
| title_sort | translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by vent lock a 3d printed ventilator multiplexer |
| topic | 3D printing Vat photopolymerization Material extrusion Austere medicine Covid-19 Limited resources |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41205-022-00148-6 |
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