Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees
The biological embedding model (BEM) suggests that fitness costs of maternal loss arise when early-life experience embeds long-term alterations to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Alternatively, the adaptive calibration model (ACM) regards physiological changes during ontogeny as...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2021-06-01
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| Series: | eLife |
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| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/64134 |
| _version_ | 1811200891927134208 |
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| author | Cédric Girard-Buttoz Patrick J Tkaczynski Liran Samuni Pawel Fedurek Cristina Gomes Therese Löhrich Virgile Manin Anna Preis Prince F Valé Tobias Deschner Roman M Wittig Catherine Crockford |
| author_facet | Cédric Girard-Buttoz Patrick J Tkaczynski Liran Samuni Pawel Fedurek Cristina Gomes Therese Löhrich Virgile Manin Anna Preis Prince F Valé Tobias Deschner Roman M Wittig Catherine Crockford |
| author_sort | Cédric Girard-Buttoz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biological embedding model (BEM) suggests that fitness costs of maternal loss arise when early-life experience embeds long-term alterations to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Alternatively, the adaptive calibration model (ACM) regards physiological changes during ontogeny as short-term adaptations. Both models have been tested in humans but rarely in wild, long-lived animals. We assessed whether, as in humans, maternal loss had short- and long-term impacts on orphan wild chimpanzee urinary cortisol levels and diurnal urinary cortisol slopes, both indicative of HPA axis functioning. Immature chimpanzees recently orphaned and/or orphaned early in life had diurnal cortisol slopes reflecting heightened activation of the HPA axis. However, these effects appeared short-term, with no consistent differences between orphan and non-orphan cortisol profiles in mature males, suggesting stronger support for the ACM than the BEM in wild chimpanzees. Compensatory mechanisms, such as adoption, may buffer against certain physiological effects of maternal loss in this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:11:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b737503b9b04e0699c95476c673ab46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:11:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eLife |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b737503b9b04e0699c95476c673ab462022-12-22T03:52:22ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2021-06-011010.7554/eLife.64134Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzeesCédric Girard-Buttoz0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-4400Patrick J Tkaczynski1Liran Samuni2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-6050Pawel Fedurek3Cristina Gomes4Therese Löhrich5Virgile Manin6Anna Preis7Prince F Valé8Tobias Deschner9Roman M Wittig10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4031Catherine Crockford11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-5106Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'IvoireDepartment of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'IvoireTaï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United StatesDivision of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United KingdomTropical Conservation Institute, Florida International University, Miami, United StatesWorld Wide Fund for Nature, Dzanga Sangha Protected Areas, Bangui, Central African Republic; Robert Koch Institute, Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'IvoireDepartment of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyTaï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'IvoireInterim Group Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'IvoireDepartment of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Institut des Sciences Cognitives, CNRS, Lyon, FranceThe biological embedding model (BEM) suggests that fitness costs of maternal loss arise when early-life experience embeds long-term alterations to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Alternatively, the adaptive calibration model (ACM) regards physiological changes during ontogeny as short-term adaptations. Both models have been tested in humans but rarely in wild, long-lived animals. We assessed whether, as in humans, maternal loss had short- and long-term impacts on orphan wild chimpanzee urinary cortisol levels and diurnal urinary cortisol slopes, both indicative of HPA axis functioning. Immature chimpanzees recently orphaned and/or orphaned early in life had diurnal cortisol slopes reflecting heightened activation of the HPA axis. However, these effects appeared short-term, with no consistent differences between orphan and non-orphan cortisol profiles in mature males, suggesting stronger support for the ACM than the BEM in wild chimpanzees. Compensatory mechanisms, such as adoption, may buffer against certain physiological effects of maternal loss in this species.https://elifesciences.org/articles/64134chimpanzeesbiological embedding modelearly life adversitystress physiologyorphanlong-lived mammals |
| spellingShingle | Cédric Girard-Buttoz Patrick J Tkaczynski Liran Samuni Pawel Fedurek Cristina Gomes Therese Löhrich Virgile Manin Anna Preis Prince F Valé Tobias Deschner Roman M Wittig Catherine Crockford Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees eLife chimpanzees biological embedding model early life adversity stress physiology orphan long-lived mammals |
| title | Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| title_full | Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| title_fullStr | Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| title_short | Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| title_sort | early maternal loss leads to short but not long term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees |
| topic | chimpanzees biological embedding model early life adversity stress physiology orphan long-lived mammals |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/64134 |
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