Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes
Abstract A multimodel, multiresolution ensemble using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) coupled experiments is used to assess the performance of key aspects of the North Atlantic circulation. The Atlantic Meridional Overt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002014 |
| _version_ | 1818836646010814464 |
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| author | Malcolm J. Roberts Laura C. Jackson Christopher D. Roberts Virna Meccia David Docquier Torben Koenigk Pablo Ortega Eduardo Moreno‐Chamarro Alessio Bellucci Andrew Coward Sybren Drijfhout Eleftheria Exarchou Oliver Gutjahr Helene Hewitt Doroteaciro Iovino Katja Lohmann Dian Putrasahan Reinhard Schiemann Jon Seddon Laurent Terray Xiaobiao Xu Qiuying Zhang Ping Chang Stephen G. Yeager Frederic S. Castruccio Shaoqing Zhang Lixin Wu |
| author_facet | Malcolm J. Roberts Laura C. Jackson Christopher D. Roberts Virna Meccia David Docquier Torben Koenigk Pablo Ortega Eduardo Moreno‐Chamarro Alessio Bellucci Andrew Coward Sybren Drijfhout Eleftheria Exarchou Oliver Gutjahr Helene Hewitt Doroteaciro Iovino Katja Lohmann Dian Putrasahan Reinhard Schiemann Jon Seddon Laurent Terray Xiaobiao Xu Qiuying Zhang Ping Chang Stephen G. Yeager Frederic S. Castruccio Shaoqing Zhang Lixin Wu |
| author_sort | Malcolm J. Roberts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A multimodel, multiresolution ensemble using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) coupled experiments is used to assess the performance of key aspects of the North Atlantic circulation. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and related heat transport, tends to become stronger as ocean model resolution is enhanced, better agreeing with observations at 26.5°N. However, for most models the circulation remains too shallow compared to observations and has a smaller temperature contrast between the northward and southward limbs of the AMOC. These biases cause the northward heat transport to be systematically too low for a given overturning strength. The higher‐resolution models also tend to have too much deep mixing in the subpolar gyre. In the period 2015–2050 the overturning circulation tends to decline more rapidly in the higher‐resolution models, which is related to both the mean state and to the subpolar gyre contribution to deep water formation. The main part of the decline comes from the Florida Current component of the circulation. Such large declines in AMOC are not seen in the models with resolutions more typically used for climate studies, suggesting an enhanced risk for Northern Hemisphere climate change. However, only a small number of different ocean models are included in the study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:09:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b74ce5a5c8441f78474dc0b3e65bb46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1942-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:09:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b74ce5a5c8441f78474dc0b3e65bb462022-12-21T20:38:02ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662020-08-01128n/an/a10.1029/2019MS002014Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future ChangesMalcolm J. Roberts0Laura C. Jackson1Christopher D. Roberts2Virna Meccia3David Docquier4Torben Koenigk5Pablo Ortega6Eduardo Moreno‐Chamarro7Alessio Bellucci8Andrew Coward9Sybren Drijfhout10Eleftheria Exarchou11Oliver Gutjahr12Helene Hewitt13Doroteaciro Iovino14Katja Lohmann15Dian Putrasahan16Reinhard Schiemann17Jon Seddon18Laurent Terray19Xiaobiao Xu20Qiuying Zhang21Ping Chang22Stephen G. Yeager23Frederic S. Castruccio24Shaoqing Zhang25Lixin Wu26Met Office Exeter UKMet Office Exeter UKEuropean Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) Reading UKIstituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (CNR‐ISAC), Bologna Bologna ItalyRossby Centre Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) Norrköping SwedenRossby Centre Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) Norrköping SwedenBarcelona Supercomputing Center‐Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC) Barcelona SpainBarcelona Supercomputing Center‐Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC) Barcelona SpainFondazione Centro Euro‐Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC) Bologna ItalyNational Oceanography Centre Southampton UKKoninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI) De Bilt The NetherlandsBarcelona Supercomputing Center‐Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC) Barcelona SpainMax Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI‐M) Hamburg GermanyMet Office Exeter UKFondazione Centro Euro‐Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC) Bologna ItalyMax Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI‐M) Hamburg GermanyMax Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI‐M) Hamburg GermanyNational Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) University of Reading Reading UKMet Office Exeter UKCECI, Université de Toulouse, CERFACS/CNRS Toulouse FranceCenter for Ocean‐Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS) Florida State University Tallahassee FL USADepartment of Oceanography Texas A&M University College Station USADepartment of Oceanography Texas A&M University College Station USAInternational Laboratory for High Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) College Station TX USAInternational Laboratory for High Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) College Station TX USAInternational Laboratory for High Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) College Station TX USAInternational Laboratory for High Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) College Station TX USAAbstract A multimodel, multiresolution ensemble using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) coupled experiments is used to assess the performance of key aspects of the North Atlantic circulation. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and related heat transport, tends to become stronger as ocean model resolution is enhanced, better agreeing with observations at 26.5°N. However, for most models the circulation remains too shallow compared to observations and has a smaller temperature contrast between the northward and southward limbs of the AMOC. These biases cause the northward heat transport to be systematically too low for a given overturning strength. The higher‐resolution models also tend to have too much deep mixing in the subpolar gyre. In the period 2015–2050 the overturning circulation tends to decline more rapidly in the higher‐resolution models, which is related to both the mean state and to the subpolar gyre contribution to deep water formation. The main part of the decline comes from the Florida Current component of the circulation. Such large declines in AMOC are not seen in the models with resolutions more typically used for climate studies, suggesting an enhanced risk for Northern Hemisphere climate change. However, only a small number of different ocean models are included in the study.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002014ocean circulationAtlanticmodel resolutionAMOCfuture projection |
| spellingShingle | Malcolm J. Roberts Laura C. Jackson Christopher D. Roberts Virna Meccia David Docquier Torben Koenigk Pablo Ortega Eduardo Moreno‐Chamarro Alessio Bellucci Andrew Coward Sybren Drijfhout Eleftheria Exarchou Oliver Gutjahr Helene Hewitt Doroteaciro Iovino Katja Lohmann Dian Putrasahan Reinhard Schiemann Jon Seddon Laurent Terray Xiaobiao Xu Qiuying Zhang Ping Chang Stephen G. Yeager Frederic S. Castruccio Shaoqing Zhang Lixin Wu Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems ocean circulation Atlantic model resolution AMOC future projection |
| title | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes |
| title_full | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes |
| title_fullStr | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes |
| title_short | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes |
| title_sort | sensitivity of the atlantic meridional overturning circulation to model resolution in cmip6 highresmip simulations and implications for future changes |
| topic | ocean circulation Atlantic model resolution AMOC future projection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002014 |
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