Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer
Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in the immune system, targeting and destroying invading pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. Evading NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance is therefore critical to facilitating cancer cell survival and metastasis. Signals...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01047/full |
| _version_ | 1819111020335988736 |
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| author | John Daly Mattias Carlsten Michael O'Dwyer |
| author_facet | John Daly Mattias Carlsten Michael O'Dwyer |
| author_sort | John Daly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in the immune system, targeting and destroying invading pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. Evading NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance is therefore critical to facilitating cancer cell survival and metastasis. Signals from a range of inhibitory and activating receptors located on the NK cell surface regulate NK cell cytotoxicity. Recently, attention has turned to the role of hypersialylated tumor cell surfaces in mediating immune-evasion of NK cells. Two inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) receptors are expressed by NK cells: Siglec-7 and Siglec-9. The abundance of sialic acids on tumor cell surface is hypothesized to regulate NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity by interacting with Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, causing a dampening of NK cell activation pathways. Targeting Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, or the sialic acid coated tumor cell surface is therefore being investigated as a novel therapeutic approach to enhance the NK cell response against cancer. In this review we report on the currently published documentation of the role for Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 receptors on NK cells and their ligands expressed by tumor cells. We also discuss the strategies currently explored to target Siglec-7, Siglec-9 and the sialylated tumor cell surface as well as the impact abrogation of these interactions have on NK cell cytotoxicity against several cancer types. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T03:50:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8b830ca8a9654018912933d772c3ad50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T03:50:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b830ca8a9654018912933d772c3ad502022-12-21T18:39:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-05-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.01047437588Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against CancerJohn Daly0Mattias Carlsten1Michael O'Dwyer2Department of Hematology, Biomedical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandDepartment of Medicine, Huddinge, Center for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Hematology, Biomedical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandNatural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in the immune system, targeting and destroying invading pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. Evading NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance is therefore critical to facilitating cancer cell survival and metastasis. Signals from a range of inhibitory and activating receptors located on the NK cell surface regulate NK cell cytotoxicity. Recently, attention has turned to the role of hypersialylated tumor cell surfaces in mediating immune-evasion of NK cells. Two inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) receptors are expressed by NK cells: Siglec-7 and Siglec-9. The abundance of sialic acids on tumor cell surface is hypothesized to regulate NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity by interacting with Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, causing a dampening of NK cell activation pathways. Targeting Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, or the sialic acid coated tumor cell surface is therefore being investigated as a novel therapeutic approach to enhance the NK cell response against cancer. In this review we report on the currently published documentation of the role for Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 receptors on NK cells and their ligands expressed by tumor cells. We also discuss the strategies currently explored to target Siglec-7, Siglec-9 and the sialylated tumor cell surface as well as the impact abrogation of these interactions have on NK cell cytotoxicity against several cancer types.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01047/fullNK cellsSiglecsialic acidsimmunotherapycancer |
| spellingShingle | John Daly Mattias Carlsten Michael O'Dwyer Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer Frontiers in Immunology NK cells Siglec sialic acids immunotherapy cancer |
| title | Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer |
| title_full | Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer |
| title_short | Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer |
| title_sort | sugar free novel immunotherapeutic approaches targeting siglecs and sialic acids to enhance natural killer cell cytotoxicity against cancer |
| topic | NK cells Siglec sialic acids immunotherapy cancer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01047/full |
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