Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products
Many different nicotine delivery products, such as e-cigarettes (e-cigs) or heated tobacco products (HTPs), are available on the market. To better understand these products, it is crucial to learn how consumers use them and how much nicotine they deliver. Therefore, a pod e-cig, an HTP, and a conven...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/434 |
| _version_ | 1827740050464440320 |
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| author | Andrea Rabenstein Anna Rahofer Jochen Vukas Benedikt Rieder Kristin Störzenhofecker Yvonne Stoll Nestor Burgmann Elke Pieper Peter Laux Andreas Luch Tobias Rüther Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg |
| author_facet | Andrea Rabenstein Anna Rahofer Jochen Vukas Benedikt Rieder Kristin Störzenhofecker Yvonne Stoll Nestor Burgmann Elke Pieper Peter Laux Andreas Luch Tobias Rüther Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg |
| author_sort | Andrea Rabenstein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many different nicotine delivery products, such as e-cigarettes (e-cigs) or heated tobacco products (HTPs), are available on the market. To better understand these products, it is crucial to learn how consumers use them and how much nicotine they deliver. Therefore, a pod e-cig, an HTP, and a conventional cigarette (CC) were each used by 15 experienced users of the respective product category for 90 min without special use instructions (“ad libitum”). Sessions were video recorded to analyze usage patterns and puff topography. At defined time points, blood was sampled to determine nicotine concentrations, and subjective effects were inquired about using questionnaires. During the study period, the CC and HTP groups averaged the same number of consumption units (both 4.2 units). In the pod e-cig group, the highest number of puffs was taken (pod e-cig 71.9; HTP: 52.2; CC: 42.3 puffs) with the most extended mean puff duration (pod e-cig: 2.8 s; HTP: 1.9 s; CC: 1.8 s). Pod e-cigs were predominantly used with single puffs or in short clusters of 2–5 puffs. The maximum plasma nicotine concentration was highest for CCs, followed by HTPs, and then pod e-cigs with 24.0, 17.7, and 8.0 ng/mL, respectively. Craving was reduced by all products. The results suggest that the high nicotine delivery known for tobacco-containing products (CCs and HTPs) may not be needed for non-tobacco-containing products (pod e-cigs) to satisfy cravings in experienced users. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:15:32Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:15:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8b8ede9c1abd4a89bcdbf571ca2d1ca62023-11-18T03:32:36ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-05-0111543410.3390/toxics11050434Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco ProductsAndrea Rabenstein0Anna Rahofer1Jochen Vukas2Benedikt Rieder3Kristin Störzenhofecker4Yvonne Stoll5Nestor Burgmann6Elke Pieper7Peter Laux8Andreas Luch9Tobias Rüther10Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg11Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Social Services, Katholische Hochschule Nordrhein-Westfalen, Standort Köln, Wörthstraße 10, 50668 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyGerman Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, GermanyGerman Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, GermanyGerman Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336 Munich, GermanyGerman Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, GermanyMany different nicotine delivery products, such as e-cigarettes (e-cigs) or heated tobacco products (HTPs), are available on the market. To better understand these products, it is crucial to learn how consumers use them and how much nicotine they deliver. Therefore, a pod e-cig, an HTP, and a conventional cigarette (CC) were each used by 15 experienced users of the respective product category for 90 min without special use instructions (“ad libitum”). Sessions were video recorded to analyze usage patterns and puff topography. At defined time points, blood was sampled to determine nicotine concentrations, and subjective effects were inquired about using questionnaires. During the study period, the CC and HTP groups averaged the same number of consumption units (both 4.2 units). In the pod e-cig group, the highest number of puffs was taken (pod e-cig 71.9; HTP: 52.2; CC: 42.3 puffs) with the most extended mean puff duration (pod e-cig: 2.8 s; HTP: 1.9 s; CC: 1.8 s). Pod e-cigs were predominantly used with single puffs or in short clusters of 2–5 puffs. The maximum plasma nicotine concentration was highest for CCs, followed by HTPs, and then pod e-cigs with 24.0, 17.7, and 8.0 ng/mL, respectively. Craving was reduced by all products. The results suggest that the high nicotine delivery known for tobacco-containing products (CCs and HTPs) may not be needed for non-tobacco-containing products (pod e-cigs) to satisfy cravings in experienced users.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/434pod e-cigaretteJUULheated tobacco productIQOSnicotine deliveryad libitum consumption |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Rabenstein Anna Rahofer Jochen Vukas Benedikt Rieder Kristin Störzenhofecker Yvonne Stoll Nestor Burgmann Elke Pieper Peter Laux Andreas Luch Tobias Rüther Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products Toxics pod e-cigarette JUUL heated tobacco product IQOS nicotine delivery ad libitum consumption |
| title | Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products |
| title_full | Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products |
| title_fullStr | Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products |
| title_short | Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products |
| title_sort | usage pattern and nicotine delivery during ad libitum consumption of pod e cigarettes and heated tobacco products |
| topic | pod e-cigarette JUUL heated tobacco product IQOS nicotine delivery ad libitum consumption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/5/434 |
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