Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy
Kombucha pellicles are often used as inoculum to produce this beverage and have become a signature feature. This cellulosic biofilm produced by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) involves yeasts, which are also part of the kombucha consortia. The role of microbial interactions in the de novo formation and s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.725379/full |
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| author | Thierry Tran Cosette Grandvalet Pascale Winckler Pascale Winckler François Verdier Antoine Martin Hervé Alexandre Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal |
| author_facet | Thierry Tran Cosette Grandvalet Pascale Winckler Pascale Winckler François Verdier Antoine Martin Hervé Alexandre Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal |
| author_sort | Thierry Tran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kombucha pellicles are often used as inoculum to produce this beverage and have become a signature feature. This cellulosic biofilm produced by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) involves yeasts, which are also part of the kombucha consortia. The role of microbial interactions in the de novo formation and structure of kombucha pellicles was investigated during the 3 days following inoculation, using two-photon microscopy coupled with fluorescent staining. Aggregated yeast cells appear to serve as scaffolding to which bacterial cellulose accumulates. This initial foundation leads to a layered structure characterized by a top cellulose-rich layer and a biomass-rich sublayer. This sublayer is expected to be the microbiologically active site for cellulose production and spatial optimization of yeast–AAB metabolic interactions. The pellicles then grow in thickness while expanding their layered organization. A comparison with pellicles grown from pure AAB cultures shows differences in consistency and structure that highlight the impact of yeasts on the structure and properties of kombucha pellicles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:01:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ba6f888d5824e33b7e33a31f9c27b69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:01:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ba6f888d5824e33b7e33a31f9c27b692022-12-21T18:31:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-08-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.725379725379Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence MicroscopyThierry Tran0Cosette Grandvalet1Pascale Winckler2Pascale Winckler3François Verdier4Antoine Martin5Hervé Alexandre6Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal7UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceUMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceUMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceINRA, INSERM, Dimacell Imaging Facility, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceBiomère, Paris, FranceBiomère, Paris, FranceUMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceUMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, FranceKombucha pellicles are often used as inoculum to produce this beverage and have become a signature feature. This cellulosic biofilm produced by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) involves yeasts, which are also part of the kombucha consortia. The role of microbial interactions in the de novo formation and structure of kombucha pellicles was investigated during the 3 days following inoculation, using two-photon microscopy coupled with fluorescent staining. Aggregated yeast cells appear to serve as scaffolding to which bacterial cellulose accumulates. This initial foundation leads to a layered structure characterized by a top cellulose-rich layer and a biomass-rich sublayer. This sublayer is expected to be the microbiologically active site for cellulose production and spatial optimization of yeast–AAB metabolic interactions. The pellicles then grow in thickness while expanding their layered organization. A comparison with pellicles grown from pure AAB cultures shows differences in consistency and structure that highlight the impact of yeasts on the structure and properties of kombucha pellicles.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.725379/fullkombuchabiofilmcelluloseinteractiontwo-photon fluorescence microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Thierry Tran Cosette Grandvalet Pascale Winckler Pascale Winckler François Verdier Antoine Martin Hervé Alexandre Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy Frontiers in Microbiology kombucha biofilm cellulose interaction two-photon fluorescence microscopy |
| title | Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy |
| title_full | Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy |
| title_fullStr | Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy |
| title_short | Shedding Light on the Formation and Structure of Kombucha Biofilm Using Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy |
| title_sort | shedding light on the formation and structure of kombucha biofilm using two photon fluorescence microscopy |
| topic | kombucha biofilm cellulose interaction two-photon fluorescence microscopy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.725379/full |
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