Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems
The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; <i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/146 |
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| author | Leonardo F. Rocha Karla L. Gage Mirian F. Pimentel Jason P. Bond Ahmad M. Fakhoury |
| author_facet | Leonardo F. Rocha Karla L. Gage Mirian F. Pimentel Jason P. Bond Ahmad M. Fakhoury |
| author_sort | Leonardo F. Rocha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; <i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:49:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ba7217519ad4f2ab8e163b50724f431 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:49:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ba7217519ad4f2ab8e163b50724f4312023-12-03T13:11:31ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-01-0111114610.3390/agronomy11010146Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological SystemsLeonardo F. Rocha0Karla L. Gage1Mirian F. Pimentel2Jason P. Bond3Ahmad M. Fakhoury4School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USAThe soybean cyst nematode (SCN; <i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/146<i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i>AMATA<i>Conyza canadensis</i>ERICAeco–evoherbicide resistance |
| spellingShingle | Leonardo F. Rocha Karla L. Gage Mirian F. Pimentel Jason P. Bond Ahmad M. Fakhoury Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems Agronomy <i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i> AMATA <i>Conyza canadensis</i> ERICA eco–evo herbicide resistance |
| title | Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems |
| title_full | Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems |
| title_fullStr | Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems |
| title_short | Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (<i>Heterodera glycines</i> Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems |
| title_sort | weeds hosting the soybean cyst nematode i heterodera glycines i ichinohe management implications in agroecological systems |
| topic | <i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i> AMATA <i>Conyza canadensis</i> ERICA eco–evo herbicide resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/146 |
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