Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale
Soil salinity is severely affecting crop productivity in many countries, particularly in the Mediterranean area. To evaluate early plant responses to increased salinity and characterize tolerance markers, three important Brassica crops – Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), white cabbage...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00450/full |
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| author | Iva Pavlović Iva Pavlović Selma Mlinarić Danuše Tarkowská Jana Oklestkova Ondřej Novák Hrvoje Lepeduš Hrvoje Lepeduš Valerija Vujčić Bok Sandra Radić Brkanac Miroslav Strnad Branka Salopek-Sondi |
| author_facet | Iva Pavlović Iva Pavlović Selma Mlinarić Danuše Tarkowská Jana Oklestkova Ondřej Novák Hrvoje Lepeduš Hrvoje Lepeduš Valerija Vujčić Bok Sandra Radić Brkanac Miroslav Strnad Branka Salopek-Sondi |
| author_sort | Iva Pavlović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil salinity is severely affecting crop productivity in many countries, particularly in the Mediterranean area. To evaluate early plant responses to increased salinity and characterize tolerance markers, three important Brassica crops – Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), white cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata) and kale (B. oleracea var. acephala) were subjected to short-term (24 h) salt stress by exposing them to NaCl at concentrations of 50, 100, or 200 mM. Physiological (root growth, photosynthetic performance parameters, and Na+/K+ ratio) and biochemical parameters (proline content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde, MDA, levels) in the plants’ roots and leaves were then measured. Photosynthetic parameters such as the total performance index PItotal (describing the overall efficiency of PSI, PSII and the intersystem electron transport chain) appeared to be the most salinity-sensitive parameter and informative stress marker. This parameter was decreased more strongly in Chinese cabbage than in white cabbage and kale. It indicated that salinity reduced the capacity of the photosynthetic system for efficient energy conversion, particularly in Chinese cabbage. In parallel with the photosynthetic impairments, the Na+/K+ ratio was highest in Chinese cabbage leaves and lowest in kale leaves while kale root is able to keep high Na+/K+ ratio without a significant increase in MDA. Thus Na+/K+ ratio, high in root and low in leaves accompanying with low MDA level is an informative marker of salinity tolerance. The crops’ tolerance was positively correlated with levels of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and negatively correlated with levels of jasmonic acid (JA), and jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile). Furthermore, salinity induced contrasting changes in levels of the growth-promoting hormones brassinosteroids (BRs). The crop’s tolerance was positively correlated with levels of BR precursor typhasterol while negatively with the active BR brassinolide. Principal Component Analysis revealed correlations in observed changes in phytohormones, biochemical, and physiological parameters. Overall, the results show that kale is the most tolerant of the three species and Chinese cabbage the most sensitive to salt stress, and provide holistic indications of the spectrum of tolerance mechanisms involved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:48:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bb21aac1e3a431e8e64d9cb69c55bb2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:48:29Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bb21aac1e3a431e8e64d9cb69c55bb22022-12-22T01:10:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-04-011010.3389/fpls.2019.00450445116Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and KaleIva Pavlović0Iva Pavlović1Selma Mlinarić2Danuše Tarkowská3Jana Oklestkova4Ondřej Novák5Hrvoje Lepeduš6Hrvoje Lepeduš7Valerija Vujčić Bok8Sandra Radić Brkanac9Miroslav Strnad10Branka Salopek-Sondi11Department of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, CzechiaDepartment of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, CroatiaLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, CzechiaLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, CzechiaLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, CzechiaFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, CroatiaDivision of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, CzechiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaSoil salinity is severely affecting crop productivity in many countries, particularly in the Mediterranean area. To evaluate early plant responses to increased salinity and characterize tolerance markers, three important Brassica crops – Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), white cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata) and kale (B. oleracea var. acephala) were subjected to short-term (24 h) salt stress by exposing them to NaCl at concentrations of 50, 100, or 200 mM. Physiological (root growth, photosynthetic performance parameters, and Na+/K+ ratio) and biochemical parameters (proline content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde, MDA, levels) in the plants’ roots and leaves were then measured. Photosynthetic parameters such as the total performance index PItotal (describing the overall efficiency of PSI, PSII and the intersystem electron transport chain) appeared to be the most salinity-sensitive parameter and informative stress marker. This parameter was decreased more strongly in Chinese cabbage than in white cabbage and kale. It indicated that salinity reduced the capacity of the photosynthetic system for efficient energy conversion, particularly in Chinese cabbage. In parallel with the photosynthetic impairments, the Na+/K+ ratio was highest in Chinese cabbage leaves and lowest in kale leaves while kale root is able to keep high Na+/K+ ratio without a significant increase in MDA. Thus Na+/K+ ratio, high in root and low in leaves accompanying with low MDA level is an informative marker of salinity tolerance. The crops’ tolerance was positively correlated with levels of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and negatively correlated with levels of jasmonic acid (JA), and jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile). Furthermore, salinity induced contrasting changes in levels of the growth-promoting hormones brassinosteroids (BRs). The crop’s tolerance was positively correlated with levels of BR precursor typhasterol while negatively with the active BR brassinolide. Principal Component Analysis revealed correlations in observed changes in phytohormones, biochemical, and physiological parameters. Overall, the results show that kale is the most tolerant of the three species and Chinese cabbage the most sensitive to salt stress, and provide holistic indications of the spectrum of tolerance mechanisms involved.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00450/fullChinese cabbagekalesalinity stressphotosynthetic performancestress hormonesbrassinosteroids |
| spellingShingle | Iva Pavlović Iva Pavlović Selma Mlinarić Danuše Tarkowská Jana Oklestkova Ondřej Novák Hrvoje Lepeduš Hrvoje Lepeduš Valerija Vujčić Bok Sandra Radić Brkanac Miroslav Strnad Branka Salopek-Sondi Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale Frontiers in Plant Science Chinese cabbage kale salinity stress photosynthetic performance stress hormones brassinosteroids |
| title | Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale |
| title_full | Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale |
| title_fullStr | Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale |
| title_short | Early Brassica Crops Responses to Salinity Stress: A Comparative Analysis Between Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage, and Kale |
| title_sort | early brassica crops responses to salinity stress a comparative analysis between chinese cabbage white cabbage and kale |
| topic | Chinese cabbage kale salinity stress photosynthetic performance stress hormones brassinosteroids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00450/full |
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