Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global intestinal disease, and conventional therapeutic drugs often fail to meet the needs of patients. There is an urgent need to find efficient and affordable novel biological therapies. <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> has been widely used in food and pharma...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/702 |
| _version_ | 1797264021335834624 |
|---|---|
| author | Yuxin Jin Jingwei Wu Kunlun Huang Zhihong Liang |
| author_facet | Yuxin Jin Jingwei Wu Kunlun Huang Zhihong Liang |
| author_sort | Yuxin Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global intestinal disease, and conventional therapeutic drugs often fail to meet the needs of patients. There is an urgent need to find efficient and affordable novel biological therapies. <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical research due to its anti-inflammatory properties and gut health benefits. However, there is still a relatively limited comparison and evaluation of different forms of <i>S. boulardii</i> treatment for UC. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan on UC, to explore the potential of heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> as a new biological therapy. The results demonstrate that all three treatments were able to restore body weight, reduce the disease activity index (DAI), inhibit splenomegaly, shorten colon length, and alleviate histopathological damage to colonic epithelial tissues in DSS-induced colitis mice. The oral administration of <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan also increased the levels of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1), decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the serum, and suppressed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA in the colon. In particular, in terms of gut microbiota, <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan exhibited varying degrees of modulation on DSS-induced dysbiosis. Among them, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> maximally restored the composition, structure, and functionality of the intestinal microbiota to normal levels. In conclusion, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> showed greater advantages over <i>S. boulardii</i> and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan in the treatment of intestinal diseases, and it holds promise as an effective novel biological therapy for UC. This study is of great importance in improving the quality of life for UC patients and reducing the burden of the disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bbe4389847542e2ab5e9ed04df9dd4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:16Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bbe4389847542e2ab5e9ed04df9dd4a2024-03-12T16:52:16ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-02-0116570210.3390/nu16050702Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut MicrobiotaYuxin Jin0Jingwei Wu1Kunlun Huang2Zhihong Liang3College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaUlcerative colitis (UC) is a global intestinal disease, and conventional therapeutic drugs often fail to meet the needs of patients. There is an urgent need to find efficient and affordable novel biological therapies. <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical research due to its anti-inflammatory properties and gut health benefits. However, there is still a relatively limited comparison and evaluation of different forms of <i>S. boulardii</i> treatment for UC. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan on UC, to explore the potential of heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> as a new biological therapy. The results demonstrate that all three treatments were able to restore body weight, reduce the disease activity index (DAI), inhibit splenomegaly, shorten colon length, and alleviate histopathological damage to colonic epithelial tissues in DSS-induced colitis mice. The oral administration of <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan also increased the levels of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1), decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the serum, and suppressed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA in the colon. In particular, in terms of gut microbiota, <i>S. boulardii</i>, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i>, and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan exhibited varying degrees of modulation on DSS-induced dysbiosis. Among them, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> maximally restored the composition, structure, and functionality of the intestinal microbiota to normal levels. In conclusion, heat-killed <i>S. boulardii</i> showed greater advantages over <i>S. boulardii</i> and <i>S. boulardii</i> β-glucan in the treatment of intestinal diseases, and it holds promise as an effective novel biological therapy for UC. This study is of great importance in improving the quality of life for UC patients and reducing the burden of the disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/702<i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i>probioticheat-killedpostbioticsβ-glucanprebiotics |
| spellingShingle | Yuxin Jin Jingwei Wu Kunlun Huang Zhihong Liang Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota Nutrients <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> probiotic heat-killed postbiotics β-glucan prebiotics |
| title | Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota |
| title_full | Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota |
| title_short | Heat-Killed <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota |
| title_sort | heat killed i saccharomyces boulardii i alleviates dextran sulfate sodium induced ulcerative colitis by restoring the intestinal barrier reducing inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota |
| topic | <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> probiotic heat-killed postbiotics β-glucan prebiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/702 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuxinjin heatkilledisaccharomycesboulardiiialleviatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedulcerativecolitisbyrestoringtheintestinalbarrierreducinginflammationandmodulatingthegutmicrobiota AT jingweiwu heatkilledisaccharomycesboulardiiialleviatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedulcerativecolitisbyrestoringtheintestinalbarrierreducinginflammationandmodulatingthegutmicrobiota AT kunlunhuang heatkilledisaccharomycesboulardiiialleviatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedulcerativecolitisbyrestoringtheintestinalbarrierreducinginflammationandmodulatingthegutmicrobiota AT zhihongliang heatkilledisaccharomycesboulardiiialleviatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedulcerativecolitisbyrestoringtheintestinalbarrierreducinginflammationandmodulatingthegutmicrobiota |