<sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea
A single application of polymer-sulfur coated urea (PSCU) and conventional urea (U) is expected to ensure nitrogen (N) throughout the maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) growth cycle being U the likely main N-fertilizer supplier at the beginning and PSCU during the maize growth cycle. This resear...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1932 |
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| author | Pedro Lopes Garcia Renata Alcarde Sermarini Carlos Roberto de Sant Ana Filho José Albertino Bendassolli Beatriz Nastaro Boschiero Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin |
| author_facet | Pedro Lopes Garcia Renata Alcarde Sermarini Carlos Roberto de Sant Ana Filho José Albertino Bendassolli Beatriz Nastaro Boschiero Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin |
| author_sort | Pedro Lopes Garcia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A single application of polymer-sulfur coated urea (PSCU) and conventional urea (U) is expected to ensure nitrogen (N) throughout the maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) growth cycle being U the likely main N-fertilizer supplier at the beginning and PSCU during the maize growth cycle. This research aimed to evaluate N fertilization management (split, incorporated, and broadcast application) and fertilizer blends (30%PSCU + 70%U and 70%PSCU + 30%U) on volatilization of ammonia (AV) and soil N mineral content (NM); plant N uptake (NU) and <sup>15</sup>N-fertilizer recovery (NR); and yield (GY). Field experiments were conducted for two growing seasons (2017–2018 and 2019–2020) in Rhodic Eutrustox soil. U was treated with NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide). N rate was 180 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>. AV reached 12% of the applied N (broadcast-applied 70%PSCU + 30%U, 2017–2018). The 30%PSCU + 70%U application resulted in higher NM at 40–60 cm depth in vegetative and reproductive stages in both seasons. The 70%PSCU + 30%U application resulted in the highest GY in 2017–2018, and the N treatments did not affect GY in 2019–2020. NR was 3% on average at vegetative leaf stage 4 (V4), and PSCU, the main N-fertilizer supplier applying 70%PSCU + 30%U. After V4, the main N-fertilizer supplier is PSCU for 70%PSCU + 30%U and U for 30%PSCU + 70%U application. These blends (incorporated, broadcast, and split application) can ensure N during the maize growth cycle, with NR of 72.5% at maturity (R6) being 47.9% in the grain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:47Z |
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| id | doaj.art-8bbf0222d5b9413694bd8675fe5c7f68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bbf0222d5b9413694bd8675fe5c7f682023-11-20T23:59:01ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-12-011012193210.3390/agronomy10121932<sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional UreaPedro Lopes Garcia0Renata Alcarde Sermarini1Carlos Roberto de Sant Ana Filho2José Albertino Bendassolli3Beatriz Nastaro Boschiero4Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin5Stable Isotopes Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, BrazilExact Sciences Department, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture (ESALQ), USP, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, BrazilInnovation Center, Compass Minerals Plant Nutrition, Iracemápolis 13495-000, SP, BrazilStable Isotopes Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, BrazilStable Isotopes Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, BrazilStable Isotopes Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, BrazilA single application of polymer-sulfur coated urea (PSCU) and conventional urea (U) is expected to ensure nitrogen (N) throughout the maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) growth cycle being U the likely main N-fertilizer supplier at the beginning and PSCU during the maize growth cycle. This research aimed to evaluate N fertilization management (split, incorporated, and broadcast application) and fertilizer blends (30%PSCU + 70%U and 70%PSCU + 30%U) on volatilization of ammonia (AV) and soil N mineral content (NM); plant N uptake (NU) and <sup>15</sup>N-fertilizer recovery (NR); and yield (GY). Field experiments were conducted for two growing seasons (2017–2018 and 2019–2020) in Rhodic Eutrustox soil. U was treated with NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide). N rate was 180 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>. AV reached 12% of the applied N (broadcast-applied 70%PSCU + 30%U, 2017–2018). The 30%PSCU + 70%U application resulted in higher NM at 40–60 cm depth in vegetative and reproductive stages in both seasons. The 70%PSCU + 30%U application resulted in the highest GY in 2017–2018, and the N treatments did not affect GY in 2019–2020. NR was 3% on average at vegetative leaf stage 4 (V4), and PSCU, the main N-fertilizer supplier applying 70%PSCU + 30%U. After V4, the main N-fertilizer supplier is PSCU for 70%PSCU + 30%U and U for 30%PSCU + 70%U application. These blends (incorporated, broadcast, and split application) can ensure N during the maize growth cycle, with NR of 72.5% at maturity (R6) being 47.9% in the grain.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1932polymer-sulfur coated ureaNBPT-treated ureamixturenitrogen balance<i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| spellingShingle | Pedro Lopes Garcia Renata Alcarde Sermarini Carlos Roberto de Sant Ana Filho José Albertino Bendassolli Beatriz Nastaro Boschiero Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea Agronomy polymer-sulfur coated urea NBPT-treated urea mixture nitrogen balance <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| title | <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea |
| title_full | <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea |
| title_fullStr | <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea |
| title_full_unstemmed | <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea |
| title_short | <sup>15</sup>N-Fertilizer Recovery in Maize as an Additional Strategy for Understanding Nitrogen Fertilization Management with Blends of Controlled-Release and Conventional Urea |
| title_sort | sup 15 sup n fertilizer recovery in maize as an additional strategy for understanding nitrogen fertilization management with blends of controlled release and conventional urea |
| topic | polymer-sulfur coated urea NBPT-treated urea mixture nitrogen balance <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1932 |
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