Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon
Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust in the Rio Negro micro-region of the Brazilian Amazon....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/5/682 |
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| author | Fábio Brito-Santos Luciana Trilles Carolina Firacative Bodo Wanke Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa Marília Martins Nishikawa Jonas Pereira Campos Angela Cristina Veríssimo Junqueira Amanda Coutinho de Souza Márcia dos Santos Lazéra Wieland Meyer |
| author_facet | Fábio Brito-Santos Luciana Trilles Carolina Firacative Bodo Wanke Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa Marília Martins Nishikawa Jonas Pereira Campos Angela Cristina Veríssimo Junqueira Amanda Coutinho de Souza Márcia dos Santos Lazéra Wieland Meyer |
| author_sort | Fábio Brito-Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust in the Rio Negro micro-region of the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 8.9% of the studied houses were positive, recovering nine <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNI and 16 <i>C. gattii</i> VGII isolates, revealing an endemic pattern in domestic microenvironments. The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) consensus multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for the <i>C. neoformans/C. gattii</i> species complexes identified two sequence types (STs), ST93 and ST5, amongst <i>C. neoformans</i> isolates and six STs amongst <i>C. gattii</i> isolates, including the Vancouver Island Outbreak ST7 (VGIIa) and ST20 (VGIIb), the Australian ST5, and ST264, ST268 and ST445, being unique to the studied region. Virulence studies in the <i>Galleria mellonella</i> model showed that five <i>C.</i> <i>gattii</i> strains and one <i>C. neoformans</i> strain showed a similar pathogenic potential to the highly virulent Vancouver Island outbreak strain CDR265 (VGIIa). The findings of this study indicate that humans can be exposed to the agents of cryptococcosis via house dust, forming the basis for future studies to analyze the impact of early and continuous exposure to indoor dust on the development of subclinical or clinical infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:59:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bd9d1cb212b42c0b1ea5759bd845750 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:59:32Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bd9d1cb212b42c0b1ea5759bd8457502023-11-19T23:43:40ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-05-018568210.3390/microorganisms8050682Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian AmazonFábio Brito-Santos0Luciana Trilles1Carolina Firacative2Bodo Wanke3Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa4Marília Martins Nishikawa5Jonas Pereira Campos6Angela Cristina Veríssimo Junqueira7Amanda Coutinho de Souza8Márcia dos Santos Lazéra9Wieland Meyer10Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilMolecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Westmead Clinical School, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital (Research and Education Network), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney 2006, NSW, AustraliaMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Systematics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilNational Institute for Quality Control in Health, INCQS/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Parasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Parasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilMycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilCryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust in the Rio Negro micro-region of the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 8.9% of the studied houses were positive, recovering nine <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNI and 16 <i>C. gattii</i> VGII isolates, revealing an endemic pattern in domestic microenvironments. The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) consensus multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for the <i>C. neoformans/C. gattii</i> species complexes identified two sequence types (STs), ST93 and ST5, amongst <i>C. neoformans</i> isolates and six STs amongst <i>C. gattii</i> isolates, including the Vancouver Island Outbreak ST7 (VGIIa) and ST20 (VGIIb), the Australian ST5, and ST264, ST268 and ST445, being unique to the studied region. Virulence studies in the <i>Galleria mellonella</i> model showed that five <i>C.</i> <i>gattii</i> strains and one <i>C. neoformans</i> strain showed a similar pathogenic potential to the highly virulent Vancouver Island outbreak strain CDR265 (VGIIa). The findings of this study indicate that humans can be exposed to the agents of cryptococcosis via house dust, forming the basis for future studies to analyze the impact of early and continuous exposure to indoor dust on the development of subclinical or clinical infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/5/682<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i><i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>indoor dustMLSTvirulenceBrazilian Amazon |
| spellingShingle | Fábio Brito-Santos Luciana Trilles Carolina Firacative Bodo Wanke Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa Marília Martins Nishikawa Jonas Pereira Campos Angela Cristina Veríssimo Junqueira Amanda Coutinho de Souza Márcia dos Santos Lazéra Wieland Meyer Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon Microorganisms <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i> indoor dust MLST virulence Brazilian Amazon |
| title | Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon |
| title_full | Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon |
| title_fullStr | Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon |
| title_short | Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon |
| title_sort | indoor dust as a source of virulent strains of the agents of cryptococcosis in the rio negro micro region of the brazilian amazon |
| topic | <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i> indoor dust MLST virulence Brazilian Amazon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/5/682 |
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