Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease of chicken caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of the family Coronaviridae. Even with extensive vaccination against IB by the poultry industry, the occurrence of new IBV genotypes is a continuous challenge encounte...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1329430/full |
| _version_ | 1797351635508264960 |
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| author | Muhammad Farooq Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Natalya Ratcliff Mohamed S. H. Hassan Mohamed S. H. Hassan Shahnas M. Najimudeen Susan C. Cork Sylvia Checkley Yan Dong Niu Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem |
| author_facet | Muhammad Farooq Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Natalya Ratcliff Mohamed S. H. Hassan Mohamed S. H. Hassan Shahnas M. Najimudeen Susan C. Cork Sylvia Checkley Yan Dong Niu Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem |
| author_sort | Muhammad Farooq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease of chicken caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of the family Coronaviridae. Even with extensive vaccination against IB by the poultry industry, the occurrence of new IBV genotypes is a continuous challenge encountered by the global poultry industry. This experiment was designed to compare the pathogenicity of two IBV strains belonging to Massachusetts (Mass) and Delmarva DMV/1639 genotypes. Specific pathogen-free laying hens were challenged during the peak of production (30 weeks), keeping a mock-infected control group. During 21 days of observation following infection, a significant drop in egg production with miss-shaped and soft shells was observed in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected hens only. The DMV/1639 IBV infected group showed prolonged and higher cloacal viral shedding compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. At the end of the study (21 days post-infection), the viral genome loads in the respiratory, urogenital, and immune tissues were significantly higher in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. Macroscopic lesions such as distorted ova leading to egg peritonitis were observed only in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group. Moreover, microscopic lesion scores were significantly higher in the lung, kidney, cecal tonsils, and oviduct of the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. Finally, the apoptosis index in the kidney, ovary, magnum, isthmus, and shell gland was significantly higher in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the control and Mass-infected groups. This study examined the pathogenicity of two IBV genotypes that are impacting the layer industry in North America. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:03:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bfccbd54bd34c2886dd07382462a3b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:03:22Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bfccbd54bd34c2886dd07382462a3b22024-01-19T04:19:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-01-011010.3389/fvets.2023.13294301329430Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hensMuhammad Farooq0Reham M. Abd-Elsalam1Reham M. Abd-Elsalam2Natalya Ratcliff3Mohamed S. H. Hassan4Mohamed S. H. Hassan5Shahnas M. Najimudeen6Susan C. Cork7Sylvia Checkley8Yan Dong Niu9Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem10Health Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaDepartment of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHealth Research Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaInfectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious and acute viral disease of chicken caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of the family Coronaviridae. Even with extensive vaccination against IB by the poultry industry, the occurrence of new IBV genotypes is a continuous challenge encountered by the global poultry industry. This experiment was designed to compare the pathogenicity of two IBV strains belonging to Massachusetts (Mass) and Delmarva DMV/1639 genotypes. Specific pathogen-free laying hens were challenged during the peak of production (30 weeks), keeping a mock-infected control group. During 21 days of observation following infection, a significant drop in egg production with miss-shaped and soft shells was observed in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected hens only. The DMV/1639 IBV infected group showed prolonged and higher cloacal viral shedding compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. At the end of the study (21 days post-infection), the viral genome loads in the respiratory, urogenital, and immune tissues were significantly higher in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. Macroscopic lesions such as distorted ova leading to egg peritonitis were observed only in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group. Moreover, microscopic lesion scores were significantly higher in the lung, kidney, cecal tonsils, and oviduct of the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the Mass IBV-infected group. Finally, the apoptosis index in the kidney, ovary, magnum, isthmus, and shell gland was significantly higher in the DMV/1639 IBV-infected group compared with the control and Mass-infected groups. This study examined the pathogenicity of two IBV genotypes that are impacting the layer industry in North America.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1329430/fullapoptosisDelmarva (DMV)/1639 straininfectious bronchitis virusMassachusetts (Mass) strainpathogenesislaying hen |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Farooq Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Reham M. Abd-Elsalam Natalya Ratcliff Mohamed S. H. Hassan Mohamed S. H. Hassan Shahnas M. Najimudeen Susan C. Cork Sylvia Checkley Yan Dong Niu Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens Frontiers in Veterinary Science apoptosis Delmarva (DMV)/1639 strain infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts (Mass) strain pathogenesis laying hen |
| title | Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens |
| title_full | Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens |
| title_fullStr | Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens |
| title_short | Comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts and Delmarva (DMV/1639) genotypes in laying hens |
| title_sort | comparative pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus massachusetts and delmarva dmv 1639 genotypes in laying hens |
| topic | apoptosis Delmarva (DMV)/1639 strain infectious bronchitis virus Massachusetts (Mass) strain pathogenesis laying hen |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1329430/full |
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