Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia
Dietary cholesterol accelerates oxidative and pro-inflammatory processes, causing hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to compare the protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) alone or in combination with losartan (LT) against the heart damage cau...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/12/428 |
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| author | Ziad H. Al-Oanzi Fawaz O. Alenazy Hassan H. Alhassan Mohamed R. El-Aassar Abdulaziz I. Alzarea Sami I. Alzarea Anass M. Abbas Muteb H. Alanazi Maher M. Al-Enazi |
| author_facet | Ziad H. Al-Oanzi Fawaz O. Alenazy Hassan H. Alhassan Mohamed R. El-Aassar Abdulaziz I. Alzarea Sami I. Alzarea Anass M. Abbas Muteb H. Alanazi Maher M. Al-Enazi |
| author_sort | Ziad H. Al-Oanzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dietary cholesterol accelerates oxidative and pro-inflammatory processes, causing hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to compare the protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) alone or in combination with losartan (LT) against the heart damage caused by a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). HCD-fed rat groups revealed an elevated activity of indicators of cardiac enzymes in the serum. Serum and cardiac lipids were also found to be significantly higher in HCD-fed rat groups. Cardiac pro-inflammatory and oxidative markers were also increased in HCD-fed rat groups, whereas antioxidant indicators were decreased. However, all of these biochemical, inflammatory, antioxidant, and oxidative change indicators returned to levels similar to those of normal rats after treatment with TQ alone or in combination with LT administered to HCD-fed rat groups. Hypercholesterolemia considerably induced the lipid peroxidation product, thiobarbituric acid reaction substances (TBARs), and oxidative radicals in cardiac cells, which were attenuated by QT and LT treatments, particularly when combined. Finally, QT, LT, and their combination were able to reduce the histological changes changes brought on by cholesterol excess in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, administration of TQ in a combination with LT which has a better protective effect, significantly reduced the hypercholesterolemic-induced oxidative and inflammatory changes that occurred in cardiac tissue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:16:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bff5c2fadd4474c91b908e7bd3f96bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:16:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bff5c2fadd4474c91b908e7bd3f96bc2023-11-24T15:41:37ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252022-12-0191242810.3390/jcdd9120428Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in HypercholesterolemiaZiad H. Al-Oanzi0Fawaz O. Alenazy1Hassan H. Alhassan2Mohamed R. El-Aassar3Abdulaziz I. Alzarea4Sami I. Alzarea5Anass M. Abbas6Muteb H. Alanazi7Maher M. Al-Enazi8Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 75471, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh 11159, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDietary cholesterol accelerates oxidative and pro-inflammatory processes, causing hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to compare the protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) alone or in combination with losartan (LT) against the heart damage caused by a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). HCD-fed rat groups revealed an elevated activity of indicators of cardiac enzymes in the serum. Serum and cardiac lipids were also found to be significantly higher in HCD-fed rat groups. Cardiac pro-inflammatory and oxidative markers were also increased in HCD-fed rat groups, whereas antioxidant indicators were decreased. However, all of these biochemical, inflammatory, antioxidant, and oxidative change indicators returned to levels similar to those of normal rats after treatment with TQ alone or in combination with LT administered to HCD-fed rat groups. Hypercholesterolemia considerably induced the lipid peroxidation product, thiobarbituric acid reaction substances (TBARs), and oxidative radicals in cardiac cells, which were attenuated by QT and LT treatments, particularly when combined. Finally, QT, LT, and their combination were able to reduce the histological changes changes brought on by cholesterol excess in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, administration of TQ in a combination with LT which has a better protective effect, significantly reduced the hypercholesterolemic-induced oxidative and inflammatory changes that occurred in cardiac tissue.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/12/428hypercholesterolemiathymoquinonelosartanoxidative stressinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Ziad H. Al-Oanzi Fawaz O. Alenazy Hassan H. Alhassan Mohamed R. El-Aassar Abdulaziz I. Alzarea Sami I. Alzarea Anass M. Abbas Muteb H. Alanazi Maher M. Al-Enazi Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease hypercholesterolemia thymoquinone losartan oxidative stress inflammation |
| title | Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia |
| title_full | Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia |
| title_short | Effects of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Losartan on the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemia |
| title_sort | effects of thymoquinone alone or in combination with losartan on the cardiotoxicity caused by oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemia |
| topic | hypercholesterolemia thymoquinone losartan oxidative stress inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/12/428 |
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