Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq
Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter has a negative impact on public health. As a result, the creation of ne...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Archives of Razi Institute |
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| Online Access: | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125149_587348158060fec972078f0dd28a1b01.pdf |
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| author | M Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan A Jebur Obayes Al-Isawi F Ahmad Mohamme |
| author_facet | M Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan A Jebur Obayes Al-Isawi F Ahmad Mohamme |
| author_sort | M Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter has a negative impact on public health. As a result, the creation of new and highly pathogenic clones is facilitated, making antimicrobial treatment more challenging. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern (ARP) models, multiple drug resistance (MDR) models, and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of Campylobacter species isolated from poultry meat sold in Baghdad markets, Iraq. By employing the disc diffusion test, 30 Campylobacter strains from chicken meat, including C. jejuni (n=10) and C. coli (n=20), were exposed to tetracycline (TET), erythromycin, Gentamicin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin (NOR). The ARP of the Campylobacter isolates revealed up to five antibiotypes for two species, which revealed resistance to one or more antimicrobials, and 67% of them had MDR resistance to two or more experienced antimicrobials. The NOR-TET model is the most common MDR, having a prevalence of 30% among experienced isolates. In addition, the MAR index, equal to and lower than one, was found in 87% of the isolates. Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter raises the probability of treatment failure in humans and animals, as well as the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. As a result, the presence of Campylobacter in meat could pose a risk of human infection and pollution of the environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:37:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c01e67656ae4d3f92c7d99f66d423ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0365-3439 2008-9872 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:37:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Razi Institute |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c01e67656ae4d3f92c7d99f66d423ed2022-12-22T00:22:53ZengRazi Vaccine and Serum Research InstituteArchives of Razi Institute0365-34392008-98722022-02-0177124925510.22092/ari.2021.356362.1828125149Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, IraqM Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan0A Jebur Obayes Al-Isawi1F Ahmad Mohamme2Department of Agriculture, Technical Institute of Suwaria, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IraqDepartment of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, IraqDepartment of Al Karkh Agriculture, Governorate of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqAntimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter has a negative impact on public health. As a result, the creation of new and highly pathogenic clones is facilitated, making antimicrobial treatment more challenging. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern (ARP) models, multiple drug resistance (MDR) models, and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of Campylobacter species isolated from poultry meat sold in Baghdad markets, Iraq. By employing the disc diffusion test, 30 Campylobacter strains from chicken meat, including C. jejuni (n=10) and C. coli (n=20), were exposed to tetracycline (TET), erythromycin, Gentamicin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin (NOR). The ARP of the Campylobacter isolates revealed up to five antibiotypes for two species, which revealed resistance to one or more antimicrobials, and 67% of them had MDR resistance to two or more experienced antimicrobials. The NOR-TET model is the most common MDR, having a prevalence of 30% among experienced isolates. In addition, the MAR index, equal to and lower than one, was found in 87% of the isolates. Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter raises the probability of treatment failure in humans and animals, as well as the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. As a result, the presence of Campylobacter in meat could pose a risk of human infection and pollution of the environment.https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125149_587348158060fec972078f0dd28a1b01.pdfantimicrobial resistanceantibiogramcampylobacterpoultry meat |
| spellingShingle | M Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan A Jebur Obayes Al-Isawi F Ahmad Mohamme Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq Archives of Razi Institute antimicrobial resistance antibiogram campylobacter poultry meat |
| title | Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance and antibiogram of thermotolerant campylobacter recovered from poultry meat in baghdad markets iraq |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance antibiogram campylobacter poultry meat |
| url | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125149_587348158060fec972078f0dd28a1b01.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mhadighaffoorikanaan antimicrobialresistanceandantibiogramofthermotolerantcampylobacterrecoveredfrompoultrymeatinbaghdadmarketsiraq AT ajeburobayesalisawi antimicrobialresistanceandantibiogramofthermotolerantcampylobacterrecoveredfrompoultrymeatinbaghdadmarketsiraq AT fahmadmohamme antimicrobialresistanceandantibiogramofthermotolerantcampylobacterrecoveredfrompoultrymeatinbaghdadmarketsiraq |