Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update
Injuries to the nervous system can result in a debilitating neuropathic pain state that is often resistant to treatment with available analgesics, which are commonly associated with several side-effects. Growing pre-clinical and clinical evidence over the last two decades indicates that immune cell-...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pain Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2021.684684/full |
| _version_ | 1819138112778928128 |
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| author | Rita Silva Marzia Malcangio |
| author_facet | Rita Silva Marzia Malcangio |
| author_sort | Rita Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Injuries to the nervous system can result in a debilitating neuropathic pain state that is often resistant to treatment with available analgesics, which are commonly associated with several side-effects. Growing pre-clinical and clinical evidence over the last two decades indicates that immune cell-mediated mechanisms both in the periphery and in the Central Nervous System (CNS) play significant roles in the establishment and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Specifically, following peripheral nerve injury, microglia, which are CNS resident immune cells, respond to the activity of the first pain synapse in the dorsal horn of spinal cord and also to neuronal activity in higher centres in the brain. This microglial response leads to the production and release of several proinflammatory mediators which contribute to neuronal sensitisation under neuropathic pain states. In this review, we collect evidence demonstrating the critical role played by the Fractalkine/CX3CR1 signalling pathway in neuron-to-microglia communication in neuropathic pain states and explore how strategies that include components of this pathway offer opportunities for innovative targets for neuropathic pain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:01:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c09ef55c27e4ceeb7edc54e3db53826 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-561X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:01:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pain Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c09ef55c27e4ceeb7edc54e3db538262022-12-21T18:28:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pain Research2673-561X2021-07-01210.3389/fpain.2021.684684684684Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An UpdateRita SilvaMarzia MalcangioInjuries to the nervous system can result in a debilitating neuropathic pain state that is often resistant to treatment with available analgesics, which are commonly associated with several side-effects. Growing pre-clinical and clinical evidence over the last two decades indicates that immune cell-mediated mechanisms both in the periphery and in the Central Nervous System (CNS) play significant roles in the establishment and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Specifically, following peripheral nerve injury, microglia, which are CNS resident immune cells, respond to the activity of the first pain synapse in the dorsal horn of spinal cord and also to neuronal activity in higher centres in the brain. This microglial response leads to the production and release of several proinflammatory mediators which contribute to neuronal sensitisation under neuropathic pain states. In this review, we collect evidence demonstrating the critical role played by the Fractalkine/CX3CR1 signalling pathway in neuron-to-microglia communication in neuropathic pain states and explore how strategies that include components of this pathway offer opportunities for innovative targets for neuropathic pain.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2021.684684/fullneuropathic painspinal cordmicrogliafractalkinecathepsin SCX3CR1 |
| spellingShingle | Rita Silva Marzia Malcangio Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update Frontiers in Pain Research neuropathic pain spinal cord microglia fractalkine cathepsin S CX3CR1 |
| title | Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update |
| title_full | Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update |
| title_fullStr | Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update |
| title_short | Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Pathway in Neuropathic Pain: An Update |
| title_sort | fractalkine cx3cr1 pathway in neuropathic pain an update |
| topic | neuropathic pain spinal cord microglia fractalkine cathepsin S CX3CR1 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2021.684684/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ritasilva fractalkinecx3cr1pathwayinneuropathicpainanupdate AT marziamalcangio fractalkinecx3cr1pathwayinneuropathicpainanupdate |