A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication
A compact reconfigurable MIMO antenna was developed for cognitive radio applications in this research work. A bandstop filter-based decoupling network was employed in this MIMO antenna to keep mutual coupling at a minimum. A single PIN diode was connected in the filter configuration for the purpose...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6937 |
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| author | Hashinur Islam Saumya Das Tanweer Ali Tanushree Bose Om Prakash Pradeep Kumar |
| author_facet | Hashinur Islam Saumya Das Tanweer Ali Tanushree Bose Om Prakash Pradeep Kumar |
| author_sort | Hashinur Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A compact reconfigurable MIMO antenna was developed for cognitive radio applications in this research work. A bandstop filter-based decoupling network was employed in this MIMO antenna to keep mutual coupling at a minimum. A single PIN diode was connected in the filter configuration for the purpose of reconfiguration. Controlling the ON/OFF conditions of the PIN diode, it became possible to achieve a MIMO operating frequency of 4.75 GHz in mode 1 and 1.77 GHz in mode 2, respectively. At 4.75 GHz, isolation was 42.68 dB, while at 1.77 GHz, isolation was 26.52 dB. The proposed reconfigurable MIMO antenna achieved a peak gain and radiation efficiency of 6.63 dBi and 92.04 percent in mode 1 and 4.41 dBi and 89.64 percent in mode 2. MIMO characteristics such as an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.253, diversity gain (DG) greater than 9.675 dB, a mean effective gain (MEG) measurement ratio of less than 0.00388 dB, and channel capacity loss (CCL) of less than 0.06528 bits/s/Hz were measured for both operational frequency bands. To make it simple to integrate into small wireless devices, the overall size of the antenna is limited to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>48</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mm</mi><mo>×</mo><mn>24</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mm</mi><mo> </mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>0.28</mn><mo> </mo><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>×</mo><mn>0.12</mn><mo> </mo><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:58Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c1a8603e32249a6ad4014b704378f662023-11-23T18:51:47ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-09-012218693710.3390/s22186937A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive CommunicationHashinur Islam0Saumya Das1Tanweer Ali2Tanushree Bose3Om Prakash4Pradeep Kumar5Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok 737136, IndiaDepartment of Information Technology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok 737136, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok 737136, IndiaECE Department, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering & Technology, Chittoor 517127, IndiaDiscipline of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South AfricaA compact reconfigurable MIMO antenna was developed for cognitive radio applications in this research work. A bandstop filter-based decoupling network was employed in this MIMO antenna to keep mutual coupling at a minimum. A single PIN diode was connected in the filter configuration for the purpose of reconfiguration. Controlling the ON/OFF conditions of the PIN diode, it became possible to achieve a MIMO operating frequency of 4.75 GHz in mode 1 and 1.77 GHz in mode 2, respectively. At 4.75 GHz, isolation was 42.68 dB, while at 1.77 GHz, isolation was 26.52 dB. The proposed reconfigurable MIMO antenna achieved a peak gain and radiation efficiency of 6.63 dBi and 92.04 percent in mode 1 and 4.41 dBi and 89.64 percent in mode 2. MIMO characteristics such as an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.253, diversity gain (DG) greater than 9.675 dB, a mean effective gain (MEG) measurement ratio of less than 0.00388 dB, and channel capacity loss (CCL) of less than 0.06528 bits/s/Hz were measured for both operational frequency bands. To make it simple to integrate into small wireless devices, the overall size of the antenna is limited to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>48</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mm</mi><mo>×</mo><mn>24</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mm</mi><mo> </mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>0.28</mn><mo> </mo><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>×</mo><mn>0.12</mn><mo> </mo><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6937reconfigurable MIMO antennabandstop filter-based decoupling networkcognitive communication system |
| spellingShingle | Hashinur Islam Saumya Das Tanweer Ali Tanushree Bose Om Prakash Pradeep Kumar A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication Sensors reconfigurable MIMO antenna bandstop filter-based decoupling network cognitive communication system |
| title | A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication |
| title_full | A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication |
| title_fullStr | A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication |
| title_short | A Frequency Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna with Bandstop Filter Decoupling Network for Cognitive Communication |
| title_sort | frequency reconfigurable mimo antenna with bandstop filter decoupling network for cognitive communication |
| topic | reconfigurable MIMO antenna bandstop filter-based decoupling network cognitive communication system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6937 |
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