Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis
Abstract Kala-azar/Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani (LD) is often associated with Leptomonas seymouri (LS) co-infection in India. Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus 1 (Lepsey NLV1) has been reported in multi-passaged laboratory isolates of VL samples which showed LD-LS co-...
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Nature Portfolio
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18526-9 |
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| author | Soumi Sukla Himadri Nath Mohd. Kamran Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi Nahid Ali Pradeep Das V. Ravichandiran Syamal Roy Subhajit Biswas |
| author_facet | Soumi Sukla Himadri Nath Mohd. Kamran Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi Nahid Ali Pradeep Das V. Ravichandiran Syamal Roy Subhajit Biswas |
| author_sort | Soumi Sukla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Kala-azar/Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani (LD) is often associated with Leptomonas seymouri (LS) co-infection in India. Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus 1 (Lepsey NLV1) has been reported in multi-passaged laboratory isolates of VL samples which showed LD-LS co-infection. A pertinent question was whether this virus of LS is detectable in direct clinical samples. DNA from the serum of twenty-eight LD diagnosed patients was subjected to LD-specific and LS-specific PCR to reconfirm the presence of LD parasites and to detect LD-LS co-infections. RNA extracted from same samples was subjected to RT-PCR, qRT-PCR and sequencing using virus-specific primers to detect/identify and quantify the virus. The presence of the virus was confirmed in thirteen of eighteen (72%) recently collected VL and PKDL samples. Cytokine profiling showed significantly elevated IL-18 in only LD infected patients compared to the virus-positive LD and control samples. IL-18 is crucial for Th1 and macrophage activation which eventually clears the parasite. The Lepsey NLV1 interaction with the immune system results in reduced IL-18 which favors LD survival and increased parasitic burden. The study emphasizes the need to revisit LD pathogenesis in the light of the association and persistence of a protozoan virus in kala-azar and PKDL patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:19:54Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:19:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c294ff0272541b8bfc561b8f3abefa12022-12-22T01:36:31ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-08-0112111010.1038/s41598-022-18526-9Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesisSoumi Sukla0Himadri Nath1Mohd. Kamran2Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi3Nahid Ali4Pradeep Das5V. Ravichandiran6Syamal Roy7Subhajit Biswas8CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical SciencesNational Institute of Pharmaceuticals Education and ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyAbstract Kala-azar/Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani (LD) is often associated with Leptomonas seymouri (LS) co-infection in India. Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus 1 (Lepsey NLV1) has been reported in multi-passaged laboratory isolates of VL samples which showed LD-LS co-infection. A pertinent question was whether this virus of LS is detectable in direct clinical samples. DNA from the serum of twenty-eight LD diagnosed patients was subjected to LD-specific and LS-specific PCR to reconfirm the presence of LD parasites and to detect LD-LS co-infections. RNA extracted from same samples was subjected to RT-PCR, qRT-PCR and sequencing using virus-specific primers to detect/identify and quantify the virus. The presence of the virus was confirmed in thirteen of eighteen (72%) recently collected VL and PKDL samples. Cytokine profiling showed significantly elevated IL-18 in only LD infected patients compared to the virus-positive LD and control samples. IL-18 is crucial for Th1 and macrophage activation which eventually clears the parasite. The Lepsey NLV1 interaction with the immune system results in reduced IL-18 which favors LD survival and increased parasitic burden. The study emphasizes the need to revisit LD pathogenesis in the light of the association and persistence of a protozoan virus in kala-azar and PKDL patients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18526-9 |
| spellingShingle | Soumi Sukla Himadri Nath Mohd. Kamran Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi Nahid Ali Pradeep Das V. Ravichandiran Syamal Roy Subhajit Biswas Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis Scientific Reports |
| title | Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| title_full | Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| title_short | Detection of Leptomonas seymouri narna-like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| title_sort | detection of leptomonas seymouri narna like virus in serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients and its possible role in disease pathogenesis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18526-9 |
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