Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice
Caloric restriction (CR) is of key importance in combating obesity and its associated diseases. We aimed to examine effects of dietary macronutrient distribution on weight loss and metabolic health in obese mice exposed to CR. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent diet-induced obesity for 18 weeks. Thereafte...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3004 |
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| author | Petras Minderis Andrej Fokin Mantas Dirmontas Mindaugas Kvedaras Aivaras Ratkevicius |
| author_facet | Petras Minderis Andrej Fokin Mantas Dirmontas Mindaugas Kvedaras Aivaras Ratkevicius |
| author_sort | Petras Minderis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Caloric restriction (CR) is of key importance in combating obesity and its associated diseases. We aimed to examine effects of dietary macronutrient distribution on weight loss and metabolic health in obese mice exposed to CR. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent diet-induced obesity for 18 weeks. Thereafter mice were exposed to a 6-week CR for up to 40% on either low-fat diet (LFD; 20, 60, 20% kcal from protein, carbohydrate, fat), low-carb diet (LCD; 20, 20, 60% kcal, respectively) or high-pro diet (HPD; 35, 35, 30% kcal, respectively) (<i>n</i> = 16 each). Ten mice on the obesogenic diet served as age-matched controls. Body composition was evaluated by tissue dissections. Glucose tolerance, bloods lipids and energy metabolism were measured. CR-induced weight loss was similar for LFD and LCD while HPD was associated with a greater weight loss than LCD. The diet groups did not differ from obese controls in hindlimb muscle mass, but showed a substantial decrease in body fat without differences between them. Glucose tolerance and blood total cholesterol were weight-loss dependent and mostly improved in LFD and HPD groups during CR. Blood triacylglycerol was lowered only in LCD group compared to obese controls. Thus, CR rather than macronutrient distribution in the diet plays the major role for improvements in body composition and glucose control in obese mice. Low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet more successfully reduces triacylglycerol but not cholesterol levels compared to isocaloric high-carbohydrate-low-fat weight loss diets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:21:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c3a1a14dccf492093e731d3a47e4ce4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:21:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c3a1a14dccf492093e731d3a47e4ce42023-11-22T14:35:46ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-08-01139300410.3390/nu13093004Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese MicePetras Minderis0Andrej Fokin1Mantas Dirmontas2Mindaugas Kvedaras3Aivaras Ratkevicius4Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, LithuaniaInstitute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, LithuaniaInstitute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, LithuaniaInstitute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, LithuaniaCaloric restriction (CR) is of key importance in combating obesity and its associated diseases. We aimed to examine effects of dietary macronutrient distribution on weight loss and metabolic health in obese mice exposed to CR. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent diet-induced obesity for 18 weeks. Thereafter mice were exposed to a 6-week CR for up to 40% on either low-fat diet (LFD; 20, 60, 20% kcal from protein, carbohydrate, fat), low-carb diet (LCD; 20, 20, 60% kcal, respectively) or high-pro diet (HPD; 35, 35, 30% kcal, respectively) (<i>n</i> = 16 each). Ten mice on the obesogenic diet served as age-matched controls. Body composition was evaluated by tissue dissections. Glucose tolerance, bloods lipids and energy metabolism were measured. CR-induced weight loss was similar for LFD and LCD while HPD was associated with a greater weight loss than LCD. The diet groups did not differ from obese controls in hindlimb muscle mass, but showed a substantial decrease in body fat without differences between them. Glucose tolerance and blood total cholesterol were weight-loss dependent and mostly improved in LFD and HPD groups during CR. Blood triacylglycerol was lowered only in LCD group compared to obese controls. Thus, CR rather than macronutrient distribution in the diet plays the major role for improvements in body composition and glucose control in obese mice. Low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet more successfully reduces triacylglycerol but not cholesterol levels compared to isocaloric high-carbohydrate-low-fat weight loss diets.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3004low-carbohydratelow-fathigh-proteindietsweight loss |
| spellingShingle | Petras Minderis Andrej Fokin Mantas Dirmontas Mindaugas Kvedaras Aivaras Ratkevicius Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice Nutrients low-carbohydrate low-fat high-protein diets weight loss |
| title | Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice |
| title_full | Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice |
| title_fullStr | Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice |
| title_short | Caloric Restriction <i>per se</i> Rather Than Dietary Macronutrient Distribution Plays a Primary Role in Metabolic Health and Body Composition Improvements in Obese Mice |
| title_sort | caloric restriction i per se i rather than dietary macronutrient distribution plays a primary role in metabolic health and body composition improvements in obese mice |
| topic | low-carbohydrate low-fat high-protein diets weight loss |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3004 |
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