Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2)
Hemocytes mediate a series of immune reactions essential for bivalve survival in the environment, however, the impact of harmful algal species and their associated phycotoxins upon bivalve immune system is under debate. To better understand the possible toxic effects of these toxins, Crassostrea gig...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2012-03-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/3/583/ |
| _version_ | 1818473375013535744 |
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| author | Alcir Luiz Dafre Margherita Anna Barracco Rafael Trevisan Erik Simoes Renato C. Vieira Eliza S. de Oliveira Danielle F. Mello |
| author_facet | Alcir Luiz Dafre Margherita Anna Barracco Rafael Trevisan Erik Simoes Renato C. Vieira Eliza S. de Oliveira Danielle F. Mello |
| author_sort | Alcir Luiz Dafre |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hemocytes mediate a series of immune reactions essential for bivalve survival in the environment, however, the impact of harmful algal species and their associated phycotoxins upon bivalve immune system is under debate. To better understand the possible toxic effects of these toxins, Crassostrea gigas hemocytes were exposed to brevetoxin (PbTx-2). Hemocyte viability, monitored through the neutral red retention and MTT reduction assays, and apoptosis (Hoechst staining) remained unchanged during 12 h of exposure to PbTx-2 in concentrations up to 1000 µg/L. Despite cell viability and apoptosis remained stable, hemocytes incubated for 4 h with 1000 µg/L of PbTx-2 revealed higher expression levels of Hsp70 (p < 0.01) and CYP356A1 ( p < 0.05) transcripts and a tendency to increase FABP expression, as evaluated by Real-Time quantitative PCR. The expression of other studied genes (BPI, IL-17, GSTO, EcSOD, Prx6, SOD and GPx) remained unchanged. The results suggest that the absence of cytotoxic effects of PbTx-2 in Crassostrea gigas hemocytes, even at high concentrations, allow early defense responses to be produced by activating protective mechanisms associated to detoxification (CYP356A1 and possibly FABP) and stress (Hsp70), but not to immune or to antioxidant (BPI, IL-17, EcSOD, Prx6, GPx and SOD) related genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:23:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c3e2e9308db4b7f897f5c43c9726832 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:23:01Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c3e2e9308db4b7f897f5c43c97268322022-12-22T02:12:26ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972012-03-0110358359710.3390/md10030583Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2)Alcir Luiz DafreMargherita Anna BarraccoRafael TrevisanErik SimoesRenato C. VieiraEliza S. de OliveiraDanielle F. MelloHemocytes mediate a series of immune reactions essential for bivalve survival in the environment, however, the impact of harmful algal species and their associated phycotoxins upon bivalve immune system is under debate. To better understand the possible toxic effects of these toxins, Crassostrea gigas hemocytes were exposed to brevetoxin (PbTx-2). Hemocyte viability, monitored through the neutral red retention and MTT reduction assays, and apoptosis (Hoechst staining) remained unchanged during 12 h of exposure to PbTx-2 in concentrations up to 1000 µg/L. Despite cell viability and apoptosis remained stable, hemocytes incubated for 4 h with 1000 µg/L of PbTx-2 revealed higher expression levels of Hsp70 (p < 0.01) and CYP356A1 ( p < 0.05) transcripts and a tendency to increase FABP expression, as evaluated by Real-Time quantitative PCR. The expression of other studied genes (BPI, IL-17, GSTO, EcSOD, Prx6, SOD and GPx) remained unchanged. The results suggest that the absence of cytotoxic effects of PbTx-2 in Crassostrea gigas hemocytes, even at high concentrations, allow early defense responses to be produced by activating protective mechanisms associated to detoxification (CYP356A1 and possibly FABP) and stress (Hsp70), but not to immune or to antioxidant (BPI, IL-17, EcSOD, Prx6, GPx and SOD) related genes.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/3/583/brevetoxinhemocytesbivalvesgene expressionimmuneantioxidant and detoxification systems |
| spellingShingle | Alcir Luiz Dafre Margherita Anna Barracco Rafael Trevisan Erik Simoes Renato C. Vieira Eliza S. de Oliveira Danielle F. Mello Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) Marine Drugs brevetoxin hemocytes bivalves gene expression immune antioxidant and detoxification systems |
| title | Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) |
| title_full | Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) |
| title_fullStr | Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) |
| title_short | Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Crassostrea gigas Hemocytes Exposed in Vitro to Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) |
| title_sort | cellular and transcriptional responses of crassostrea gigas hemocytes exposed in vitro to brevetoxin pbtx 2 |
| topic | brevetoxin hemocytes bivalves gene expression immune antioxidant and detoxification systems |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/3/583/ |
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