Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation
After several decades, the incorporation of desalinated seawater into agricultural areas with scarce water resources has become one of the main water supply strategies. Compared to the several currently available desalination techniques, reverse osmosis (RO) is now the reference technology because i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/3/322 |
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| author | David Escarabajal-Henarejos Dolores Parras-Burgos Laura Ávila-Dávila Francisco Javier Cánovas-Rodríguez José Miguel Molina-Martínez |
| author_facet | David Escarabajal-Henarejos Dolores Parras-Burgos Laura Ávila-Dávila Francisco Javier Cánovas-Rodríguez José Miguel Molina-Martínez |
| author_sort | David Escarabajal-Henarejos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After several decades, the incorporation of desalinated seawater into agricultural areas with scarce water resources has become one of the main water supply strategies. Compared to the several currently available desalination techniques, reverse osmosis (RO) is now the reference technology because it lowers energy uses and production costs. Nevertheless, its main limiting factor lies in the membranes used for this system not efficiently retaining boron, which is a problem because the concentration of this element in seawater is high. For 3 years, the present work analysed the impact of seawater temperature on the kinetic parameters of boron rejection in an RO system to establish their annual behaviour and the existing correlation between both parameters. A comparison was made using the values simulated in the projection software provided by the manufacturer of the membranes. The obtained results indicated a high correlation, and the R<sup>2</sup> correlation coefficients came very close to the unity. Nonetheless, this correlation lowered with time due to typical membrane ageing and compaction because of the system’s continuous operation. Under the tested working conditions and by applying analysed temperature intervals, it was impossible to reach the 0.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> boron concentration value that ensures lack of crop toxicity. Thus, incorporating other boron reduction techniques is necessary. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c3e333773ac40278db6a16e2b673297 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c3e333773ac40278db6a16e2b6732972023-12-03T15:06:17ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-01-0113332210.3390/w13030322Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural IrrigationDavid Escarabajal-Henarejos0Dolores Parras-Burgos1Laura Ávila-Dávila2Francisco Javier Cánovas-Rodríguez3José Miguel Molina-Martínez4Agromotic Engineering and the Sea Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, SpainDepartment of Structures, Construction and Graphic Expression, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, SpainAgromotic Engineering and the Sea Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, SpainElectrical Engineering and Renewable Energies Group, Department of Automation, Electrical Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, SpainAgromotic Engineering and the Sea Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, SpainAfter several decades, the incorporation of desalinated seawater into agricultural areas with scarce water resources has become one of the main water supply strategies. Compared to the several currently available desalination techniques, reverse osmosis (RO) is now the reference technology because it lowers energy uses and production costs. Nevertheless, its main limiting factor lies in the membranes used for this system not efficiently retaining boron, which is a problem because the concentration of this element in seawater is high. For 3 years, the present work analysed the impact of seawater temperature on the kinetic parameters of boron rejection in an RO system to establish their annual behaviour and the existing correlation between both parameters. A comparison was made using the values simulated in the projection software provided by the manufacturer of the membranes. The obtained results indicated a high correlation, and the R<sup>2</sup> correlation coefficients came very close to the unity. Nonetheless, this correlation lowered with time due to typical membrane ageing and compaction because of the system’s continuous operation. Under the tested working conditions and by applying analysed temperature intervals, it was impossible to reach the 0.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> boron concentration value that ensures lack of crop toxicity. Thus, incorporating other boron reduction techniques is necessary.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/3/322reverse osmosisphytotoxicityselective ion removalboron rejection efficiencysoftware for water-treatment design |
| spellingShingle | David Escarabajal-Henarejos Dolores Parras-Burgos Laura Ávila-Dávila Francisco Javier Cánovas-Rodríguez José Miguel Molina-Martínez Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation Water reverse osmosis phytotoxicity selective ion removal boron rejection efficiency software for water-treatment design |
| title | Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation |
| title_full | Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation |
| title_fullStr | Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation |
| title_short | Study of the Influence of Temperature on Boron Concentration Estimation in Desalinated Seawater for Agricultural Irrigation |
| title_sort | study of the influence of temperature on boron concentration estimation in desalinated seawater for agricultural irrigation |
| topic | reverse osmosis phytotoxicity selective ion removal boron rejection efficiency software for water-treatment design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/3/322 |
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