Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments
Abstract Symbiodiniaceae are a diverse group of dinoflagellates, the majority of which are free-living and/or associated with a variety of protists and other invertebrate hosts. Maintenance of isolated cultures is labour-intensive and expensive, and cryopreservation provides an excellent avenue for...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16735-w |
| _version_ | 1811287574202810368 |
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| author | Joseph Kanyi Kihika Susanna A. Wood Lesley Rhodes Kirsty F. Smith Matthew R. Miller Xavier Pochon Lucy Thompson Juliette Butler Jessica Schattschneider Clint Oakley Ken G. Ryan |
| author_facet | Joseph Kanyi Kihika Susanna A. Wood Lesley Rhodes Kirsty F. Smith Matthew R. Miller Xavier Pochon Lucy Thompson Juliette Butler Jessica Schattschneider Clint Oakley Ken G. Ryan |
| author_sort | Joseph Kanyi Kihika |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Symbiodiniaceae are a diverse group of dinoflagellates, the majority of which are free-living and/or associated with a variety of protists and other invertebrate hosts. Maintenance of isolated cultures is labour-intensive and expensive, and cryopreservation provides an excellent avenue for their long-term storage. We aimed to cryopreserve 15 cultured isolates from six Symbiodiniaceae genera using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the cryoprotectant agent (CPA). Under 15% DMSO, 10 isolates were successfully cryopreserved using either rapid freezing or controlled-rate freezing. Cultures that failed or had low survival, were subjected to (1) a reduction of CPA to 10%, or (2) increased salinity treatment before freezing. At 10% DMSO, three further isolates were successfully cryopreserved. At 15% DMSO there were high cell viabilities in Symbiodinium pilosum treated with 44 parts per thousand (ppt) and 54 ppt culture medium. An isolate of Fugacium sp. successfully cryopreserved after salinity treatments of 54 ppt and 64 ppt. Fatty acid (FA) analyses of S. pilosum after 54 ppt salinity treatment showed increased saturated FA levels, whereas Fugacium sp. had low poly-unsaturated FAs compared to normal salinity (34 ppt). Understanding the effects of salinity and roles of FAs in cryopreservation will help in developing protocols for these ecologically important taxa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:20:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c3f365620634aba8cbfd571771ba240 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:20:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c3f365620634aba8cbfd571771ba2402022-12-22T03:04:47ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-07-0112111510.1038/s41598-022-16735-wCryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatmentsJoseph Kanyi Kihika0Susanna A. Wood1Lesley Rhodes2Kirsty F. Smith3Matthew R. Miller4Xavier Pochon5Lucy Thompson6Juliette Butler7Jessica Schattschneider8Clint Oakley9Ken G. Ryan10Cawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteCawthron InstituteSchool of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonSchool of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonAbstract Symbiodiniaceae are a diverse group of dinoflagellates, the majority of which are free-living and/or associated with a variety of protists and other invertebrate hosts. Maintenance of isolated cultures is labour-intensive and expensive, and cryopreservation provides an excellent avenue for their long-term storage. We aimed to cryopreserve 15 cultured isolates from six Symbiodiniaceae genera using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the cryoprotectant agent (CPA). Under 15% DMSO, 10 isolates were successfully cryopreserved using either rapid freezing or controlled-rate freezing. Cultures that failed or had low survival, were subjected to (1) a reduction of CPA to 10%, or (2) increased salinity treatment before freezing. At 10% DMSO, three further isolates were successfully cryopreserved. At 15% DMSO there were high cell viabilities in Symbiodinium pilosum treated with 44 parts per thousand (ppt) and 54 ppt culture medium. An isolate of Fugacium sp. successfully cryopreserved after salinity treatments of 54 ppt and 64 ppt. Fatty acid (FA) analyses of S. pilosum after 54 ppt salinity treatment showed increased saturated FA levels, whereas Fugacium sp. had low poly-unsaturated FAs compared to normal salinity (34 ppt). Understanding the effects of salinity and roles of FAs in cryopreservation will help in developing protocols for these ecologically important taxa.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16735-w |
| spellingShingle | Joseph Kanyi Kihika Susanna A. Wood Lesley Rhodes Kirsty F. Smith Matthew R. Miller Xavier Pochon Lucy Thompson Juliette Butler Jessica Schattschneider Clint Oakley Ken G. Ryan Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments Scientific Reports |
| title | Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| title_full | Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| title_fullStr | Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| title_short | Cryopreservation of six Symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| title_sort | cryopreservation of six symbiodiniaceae genera and assessment of fatty acid profiles in response to increased salinity treatments |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16735-w |
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