Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition
Faba bean (Vicia faba, FB) is known to improve the texture of fish meat but retards growth possibly by inducing hemolysis, hepatopancreas damage, and metabolic disorder. In this study, we used ultrasonic processing to isolate four FB extracts (water extract, alcohol extract, proteins and residues) a...
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/9516.pdf |
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| author | Lingling Ma Gen Kaneko Jun Xie Guangjun Wang Zhifei Li Jingjing Tian Kai Zhang Yun Xia Wangbao Gong Haihang Li Ermeng Yu |
| author_facet | Lingling Ma Gen Kaneko Jun Xie Guangjun Wang Zhifei Li Jingjing Tian Kai Zhang Yun Xia Wangbao Gong Haihang Li Ermeng Yu |
| author_sort | Lingling Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Faba bean (Vicia faba, FB) is known to improve the texture of fish meat but retards growth possibly by inducing hemolysis, hepatopancreas damage, and metabolic disorder. In this study, we used ultrasonic processing to isolate four FB extracts (water extract, alcohol extract, proteins and residues) and examined their beneficial and detrimental effects. These extracts were separately mixed with commercial feed and fed to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) using whole FB and commercial feed as controls. After fish were fed one of the six experimental diets for 50 d and 100 d, we evaluated the growth and hematological parameters, activities of metabolic enzymes, hepatopancreatic histology and oxidative response, and lipid metabolism. Results showed that both whole FB and FB residues caused growth retardation and hepatopancreas damage (P < 0.05), whereas growth performance was improved in the FB water and alcohol extract groups compared to the whole FB group. Although the FB water extract negatively affected the number and morphological parameters of red blood cells (P < 0.05), the hematological damage was less pronounced than that of the whole FB group. Excessive hepatopancreatic fat accumulation was found in the whole FB, FB alcohol extract and FB residues groups. Moreover, serious hepatopancreas damages were observed in the FB residues group. These results suggest that the beneficial and detrimental components of FB were successfully separated in the four extracts, and the FB water extract would be the best choice for grass carp culture in terms of growth performance and health. The safety evaluation of the four FB extracts would facilitate further application of FB in aquatic feed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:56:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c48604f96a44838bbda2712c7dcd402 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:56:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8c48604f96a44838bbda2712c7dcd4022023-12-03T01:00:38ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-07-018e951610.7717/peerj.9516Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional conditionLingling Ma0Gen Kaneko1Jun Xie2Guangjun Wang3Zhifei Li4Jingjing Tian5Kai Zhang6Yun Xia7Wangbao Gong8Haihang Li9Ermeng Yu10Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, USAKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, ChinaFaba bean (Vicia faba, FB) is known to improve the texture of fish meat but retards growth possibly by inducing hemolysis, hepatopancreas damage, and metabolic disorder. In this study, we used ultrasonic processing to isolate four FB extracts (water extract, alcohol extract, proteins and residues) and examined their beneficial and detrimental effects. These extracts were separately mixed with commercial feed and fed to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) using whole FB and commercial feed as controls. After fish were fed one of the six experimental diets for 50 d and 100 d, we evaluated the growth and hematological parameters, activities of metabolic enzymes, hepatopancreatic histology and oxidative response, and lipid metabolism. Results showed that both whole FB and FB residues caused growth retardation and hepatopancreas damage (P < 0.05), whereas growth performance was improved in the FB water and alcohol extract groups compared to the whole FB group. Although the FB water extract negatively affected the number and morphological parameters of red blood cells (P < 0.05), the hematological damage was less pronounced than that of the whole FB group. Excessive hepatopancreatic fat accumulation was found in the whole FB, FB alcohol extract and FB residues groups. Moreover, serious hepatopancreas damages were observed in the FB residues group. These results suggest that the beneficial and detrimental components of FB were successfully separated in the four extracts, and the FB water extract would be the best choice for grass carp culture in terms of growth performance and health. The safety evaluation of the four FB extracts would facilitate further application of FB in aquatic feed.https://peerj.com/articles/9516.pdfCtenopharyngodon idellusVicia fabaExtractsSafety evaluationHepatopancreasMetabolism enzymes |
| spellingShingle | Lingling Ma Gen Kaneko Jun Xie Guangjun Wang Zhifei Li Jingjing Tian Kai Zhang Yun Xia Wangbao Gong Haihang Li Ermeng Yu Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition PeerJ Ctenopharyngodon idellus Vicia faba Extracts Safety evaluation Hepatopancreas Metabolism enzymes |
| title | Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| title_full | Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| title_fullStr | Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| title_short | Safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices, hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| title_sort | safety evaluation of four faba bean extracts used as dietary supplements in grass carp culture based on hematological indices hepatopancreatic function and nutritional condition |
| topic | Ctenopharyngodon idellus Vicia faba Extracts Safety evaluation Hepatopancreas Metabolism enzymes |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/9516.pdf |
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