Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA′s) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) has been investigating reports of pets becoming ill after consuming jerky pet treats since 2007. Renal failure accounted for 30% of reported cases. Jerky pet treats contain glycerin, which can be made from vegetable...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2449 |
| _version_ | 1797536724313702400 |
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| author | Lauren Girard Kithsiri Herath Hernando Escobar Renate Reimschuessel Olgica Ceric Hiranthi Jayasuriya |
| author_facet | Lauren Girard Kithsiri Herath Hernando Escobar Renate Reimschuessel Olgica Ceric Hiranthi Jayasuriya |
| author_sort | Lauren Girard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA′s) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) has been investigating reports of pets becoming ill after consuming jerky pet treats since 2007. Renal failure accounted for 30% of reported cases. Jerky pet treats contain glycerin, which can be made from vegetable oil or as a byproduct of biodiesel production. Glycidyl esters (GEs) and 3-monochloropropanediol esters (3-MCPDEs) are food contaminants that can form in glycerin during the refining process. 3-MCPDEs and GEs pose food safety concerns, as they can release free 3-MCPD and glycidol in vivo. Evidence from studies in animals shows that 3-MCPDEs are potential toxins with kidneys as their main target. As renal failure accounted for 30% of reported pet illnesses after the consumption of jerky pet treats containing glycerin, there is a need to develop a screening method to detect 3-MCPDEs and GEs in glycerin. We describe the development of an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight (UHPLC/Q-TOF) method for screening glycerin for MCPDEs and GEs. Glycerin was extracted and directly analyzed without a solid-phase extraction procedure. An exact mass database, developed in-house, of MCPDEs and GEs formed with common fatty acids was used in the screening. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:03:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c4cc638a297418384e0926ade798cd6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:03:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c4cc638a297418384e0926ade798cd62023-11-21T16:43:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-04-01269244910.3390/molecules26092449Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs)Lauren Girard0Kithsiri Herath1Hernando Escobar2Renate Reimschuessel3Olgica Ceric4Hiranthi Jayasuriya5Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USACenter for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USACenter for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USACenter for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Veterinary Laboratory Investigation & Response Network, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USACenter for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Veterinary Laboratory Investigation & Response Network, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USACenter for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Division of Residue Chemistry, Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USAThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA′s) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) has been investigating reports of pets becoming ill after consuming jerky pet treats since 2007. Renal failure accounted for 30% of reported cases. Jerky pet treats contain glycerin, which can be made from vegetable oil or as a byproduct of biodiesel production. Glycidyl esters (GEs) and 3-monochloropropanediol esters (3-MCPDEs) are food contaminants that can form in glycerin during the refining process. 3-MCPDEs and GEs pose food safety concerns, as they can release free 3-MCPD and glycidol in vivo. Evidence from studies in animals shows that 3-MCPDEs are potential toxins with kidneys as their main target. As renal failure accounted for 30% of reported pet illnesses after the consumption of jerky pet treats containing glycerin, there is a need to develop a screening method to detect 3-MCPDEs and GEs in glycerin. We describe the development of an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight (UHPLC/Q-TOF) method for screening glycerin for MCPDEs and GEs. Glycerin was extracted and directly analyzed without a solid-phase extraction procedure. An exact mass database, developed in-house, of MCPDEs and GEs formed with common fatty acids was used in the screening.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2449UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysisglycerinprocess contaminants3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol estersglycidyl esters |
| spellingShingle | Lauren Girard Kithsiri Herath Hernando Escobar Renate Reimschuessel Olgica Ceric Hiranthi Jayasuriya Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) Molecules UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis glycerin process contaminants 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters glycidyl esters |
| title | Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) |
| title_full | Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) |
| title_fullStr | Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) |
| title_short | Development of UHPLC/Q-TOF Analysis Method to Screen Glycerin for Direct Detection of Process Contaminants 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters (3-MCPDEs) and Glycidyl Esters (GEs) |
| title_sort | development of uhplc q tof analysis method to screen glycerin for direct detection of process contaminants 3 monochloropropane 1 2 diol esters 3 mcpdes and glycidyl esters ges |
| topic | UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis glycerin process contaminants 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters glycidyl esters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2449 |
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