FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility
Free-space optics (FSO) is attracting renewed attention in the frame of 5G, which demands wireless backhauling technologies with extremely high data rates over distances up to a few kilometers. Link availability is a FSO well-known issue due to the large path loss expected during poor visibility, su...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9718170/ |
| _version_ | 1811234373632000000 |
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| author | Roberto Nebuloni Elizabeth Verdugo |
| author_facet | Roberto Nebuloni Elizabeth Verdugo |
| author_sort | Roberto Nebuloni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Free-space optics (FSO) is attracting renewed attention in the frame of 5G, which demands wireless backhauling technologies with extremely high data rates over distances up to a few kilometers. Link availability is a FSO well-known issue due to the large path loss expected during poor visibility, such as in case of fog. Several path loss models, based on the visibility, are assessed through an analytical approach. The simple relationship valid in the visible spectrum can be extended to the first optical window, while, at 1.550 μm, the effect of fog microphysics cannot be ignored. Fog is definitively less challenging in the mid-IR (10.6 µm) even at very low visibility values (less than 0.5 km), which was not evident from older studies. Lower and upper bounds for the extinction coefficient are calculated and substituted into the FSO link budget equation. The combined effect of the microphysics and of the accuracy of visibility measurements may result in large uncertainties on the maximum achievable path length. The latter is also influenced by the microclimate, as links are usually deployed in urban areas while visibility data are collected outside. Path lengths in city areas can double, for the same link availability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:35:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c4e0c5edc1b42788e72cfb684305e1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1943-0655 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:35:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c4e0c5edc1b42788e72cfb684305e1d2022-12-22T03:34:51ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552022-01-011421910.1109/JPHOT.2022.31527289718170FSO Path Loss Model Based on the VisibilityRoberto Nebuloni0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-2456Elizabeth Verdugo1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0867-474XIstituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, ItalyDepartamento de Engenharia Elétrica of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilFree-space optics (FSO) is attracting renewed attention in the frame of 5G, which demands wireless backhauling technologies with extremely high data rates over distances up to a few kilometers. Link availability is a FSO well-known issue due to the large path loss expected during poor visibility, such as in case of fog. Several path loss models, based on the visibility, are assessed through an analytical approach. The simple relationship valid in the visible spectrum can be extended to the first optical window, while, at 1.550 μm, the effect of fog microphysics cannot be ignored. Fog is definitively less challenging in the mid-IR (10.6 µm) even at very low visibility values (less than 0.5 km), which was not evident from older studies. Lower and upper bounds for the extinction coefficient are calculated and substituted into the FSO link budget equation. The combined effect of the microphysics and of the accuracy of visibility measurements may result in large uncertainties on the maximum achievable path length. The latter is also influenced by the microclimate, as links are usually deployed in urban areas while visibility data are collected outside. Path lengths in city areas can double, for the same link availability.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9718170/Optical communicationfree-space opticsvisibilityfogattenuationextinction coefficient |
| spellingShingle | Roberto Nebuloni Elizabeth Verdugo FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility IEEE Photonics Journal Optical communication free-space optics visibility fog attenuation extinction coefficient |
| title | FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility |
| title_full | FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility |
| title_fullStr | FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility |
| title_full_unstemmed | FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility |
| title_short | FSO Path Loss Model Based on the Visibility |
| title_sort | fso path loss model based on the visibility |
| topic | Optical communication free-space optics visibility fog attenuation extinction coefficient |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9718170/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertonebuloni fsopathlossmodelbasedonthevisibility AT elizabethverdugo fsopathlossmodelbasedonthevisibility |