Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption
Zinc (Zn) is a nutrient that regulates many vital functions of the human body, hence the demand for Zn in the balanced daily nutrition has to be covered. Priming of seeds with Zn for Zn-enriched sprout production can be considered a good alternative to artificial supplementation in a modern diet. He...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/937 |
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| author | Renata Bączek-Kwinta Agnieszka Baran Magdalena Simlat Jakub Lang Maciej Bieniek Bartłomiej Florek |
| author_facet | Renata Bączek-Kwinta Agnieszka Baran Magdalena Simlat Jakub Lang Maciej Bieniek Bartłomiej Florek |
| author_sort | Renata Bączek-Kwinta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zinc (Zn) is a nutrient that regulates many vital functions of the human body, hence the demand for Zn in the balanced daily nutrition has to be covered. Priming of seeds with Zn for Zn-enriched sprout production can be considered a good alternative to artificial supplementation in a modern diet. Hence, the aim of our study was to determine the exposure level of Zn bringing neither risk for humans nor growth inhibition of enriched broccoli, pea and sunflower sprouts. Seeds treated with 0, 10, 20 and 30 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub> responded in a differentiated way to Zn. Pea seed germination and sprout growth was diminished by 30 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub>, but for sunflower sprouts this Zn level resulted in the highest fresh mass and largest hypocotyls. Zn content in sprouts greatly increased in a dose-dependent manner, mostly in broccoli (up to 25 times) and peas (up to 4 times), and to a lesser extent (up to 120%) for sunflowers. Free radical scavenging activity was usually decreased. Considering the potential non-carcinogenic risk of sprouts consumption estimated by the hazard analysis, the safest exposure level for seed priming will be 10 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub>. It was confirmed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analyses indicating no DNA variations in sprouts treated with 10 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub> compared to the control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:48:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c62807d26124b81a89a538ed11be4ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:48:30Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c62807d26124b81a89a538ed11be4ca2023-11-20T05:20:51ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-06-0110793710.3390/agronomy10070937Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts ConsumptionRenata Bączek-Kwinta0Agnieszka Baran1Magdalena Simlat2Jakub Lang3Maciej Bieniek4Bartłomiej Florek5Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Cracow, PolandDepartment of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Krakow, PolandZinc (Zn) is a nutrient that regulates many vital functions of the human body, hence the demand for Zn in the balanced daily nutrition has to be covered. Priming of seeds with Zn for Zn-enriched sprout production can be considered a good alternative to artificial supplementation in a modern diet. Hence, the aim of our study was to determine the exposure level of Zn bringing neither risk for humans nor growth inhibition of enriched broccoli, pea and sunflower sprouts. Seeds treated with 0, 10, 20 and 30 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub> responded in a differentiated way to Zn. Pea seed germination and sprout growth was diminished by 30 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub>, but for sunflower sprouts this Zn level resulted in the highest fresh mass and largest hypocotyls. Zn content in sprouts greatly increased in a dose-dependent manner, mostly in broccoli (up to 25 times) and peas (up to 4 times), and to a lesser extent (up to 120%) for sunflowers. Free radical scavenging activity was usually decreased. Considering the potential non-carcinogenic risk of sprouts consumption estimated by the hazard analysis, the safest exposure level for seed priming will be 10 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub>. It was confirmed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analyses indicating no DNA variations in sprouts treated with 10 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> ZnSO<sub>4</sub> compared to the control.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/937zinc biofortificationfree-radical scavenging activitypre-germination treatmentRAPDsprouts |
| spellingShingle | Renata Bączek-Kwinta Agnieszka Baran Magdalena Simlat Jakub Lang Maciej Bieniek Bartłomiej Florek Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption Agronomy zinc biofortification free-radical scavenging activity pre-germination treatment RAPD sprouts |
| title | Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption |
| title_full | Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption |
| title_fullStr | Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption |
| title_short | Enrichment of Different Plant Seeds with Zinc and Assessment of Health Risk of Zn-Fortified Sprouts Consumption |
| title_sort | enrichment of different plant seeds with zinc and assessment of health risk of zn fortified sprouts consumption |
| topic | zinc biofortification free-radical scavenging activity pre-germination treatment RAPD sprouts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/937 |
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