Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest
Understanding the NH<sub>3</sub> exchange between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere is important due to its role in the nitrogen cycle. However, NH<sub>3</sub> exchange is dynamic and difficult to measure. The goal of this study was to characterize this exchange by measuri...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Soil Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/3/1/15 |
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| author | Amy Hrdina Alexander Moravek Heather Schwartz-Narbonne Jennifer Murphy |
| author_facet | Amy Hrdina Alexander Moravek Heather Schwartz-Narbonne Jennifer Murphy |
| author_sort | Amy Hrdina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the NH<sub>3</sub> exchange between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere is important due to its role in the nitrogen cycle. However, NH<sub>3</sub> exchange is dynamic and difficult to measure. The goal of this study was to characterize this exchange by measuring the atmosphere, soil, and vegetation. Compensation point modeling was used to evaluate the direction and magnitude of surface-atmosphere exchange. Measurements were performed at the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory (MEFO) site in the Colorado Front Range by continuous online monitoring of gas and particle phase NH<sub>3</sub>-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> with an ambient ion monitoring system coupled with ion chromatographs (AIM-IC), direct measurements of [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>] and pH in soil extracts to determine ground emission potential (Γ<sub>g</sub>), and measurements of [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>]<sub>bulk</sub> in pine needles to derive leaf emission potential (Γ<sub>st</sub>). Two different soil types were measured multiple times throughout the study, in which Γ<sub>g</sub> ranged from 5 to 2122. Γ<sub>st</sub> values ranged from 29 to 54. Inferred fluxes (F<sub>g</sub>) from each soil type predicted intervals of emission and deposition. By accounting for the total [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>] pool in each compartment, the lifetime of NH<sub>3</sub> with respect to the surface-atmosphere exchange in the soil is on the order of years compared to much faster naturally occurring processes, i.e., mineralization and nitrification. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:36:08Z |
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| id | doaj.art-8c7563a0cf1d4cd5949f308efc51a3b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-8789 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:36:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Soil Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c7563a0cf1d4cd5949f308efc51a3b82022-12-22T01:55:58ZengMDPI AGSoil Systems2571-87892019-02-01311510.3390/soilsystems3010015soilsystems3010015Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine ForestAmy Hrdina0Alexander Moravek1Heather Schwartz-Narbonne2Jennifer Murphy3Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaUnderstanding the NH<sub>3</sub> exchange between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere is important due to its role in the nitrogen cycle. However, NH<sub>3</sub> exchange is dynamic and difficult to measure. The goal of this study was to characterize this exchange by measuring the atmosphere, soil, and vegetation. Compensation point modeling was used to evaluate the direction and magnitude of surface-atmosphere exchange. Measurements were performed at the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory (MEFO) site in the Colorado Front Range by continuous online monitoring of gas and particle phase NH<sub>3</sub>-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> with an ambient ion monitoring system coupled with ion chromatographs (AIM-IC), direct measurements of [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>] and pH in soil extracts to determine ground emission potential (Γ<sub>g</sub>), and measurements of [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>]<sub>bulk</sub> in pine needles to derive leaf emission potential (Γ<sub>st</sub>). Two different soil types were measured multiple times throughout the study, in which Γ<sub>g</sub> ranged from 5 to 2122. Γ<sub>st</sub> values ranged from 29 to 54. Inferred fluxes (F<sub>g</sub>) from each soil type predicted intervals of emission and deposition. By accounting for the total [NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>] pool in each compartment, the lifetime of NH<sub>3</sub> with respect to the surface-atmosphere exchange in the soil is on the order of years compared to much faster naturally occurring processes, i.e., mineralization and nitrification.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/3/1/15ammoniasoil fluxsoil-atmosphere interactionsammonia lifetime |
| spellingShingle | Amy Hrdina Alexander Moravek Heather Schwartz-Narbonne Jennifer Murphy Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest Soil Systems ammonia soil flux soil-atmosphere interactions ammonia lifetime |
| title | Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest |
| title_full | Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest |
| title_fullStr | Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest |
| title_full_unstemmed | Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest |
| title_short | Summertime Soil-Atmosphere Ammonia Exchange in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range Pine Forest |
| title_sort | summertime soil atmosphere ammonia exchange in the colorado rocky mountain front range pine forest |
| topic | ammonia soil flux soil-atmosphere interactions ammonia lifetime |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/3/1/15 |
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