Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans

Agaro-oligosaccharides (AOSs) are known to have biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-obesity effects. Although existing evidence suggests the presence of AOSs in peripheral tissues after oral administration, whether AOSs permeate into the blood circulation remains u...

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Main Authors: Ikuya Shirai, Yu Iwasaki, Koji Karasawa, Yasutaka Shigemura, Shigeru Katayama
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-09-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1273328/full
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author Ikuya Shirai
Ikuya Shirai
Yu Iwasaki
Koji Karasawa
Yasutaka Shigemura
Shigeru Katayama
Shigeru Katayama
author_facet Ikuya Shirai
Ikuya Shirai
Yu Iwasaki
Koji Karasawa
Yasutaka Shigemura
Shigeru Katayama
Shigeru Katayama
author_sort Ikuya Shirai
collection DOAJ
description Agaro-oligosaccharides (AOSs) are known to have biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-obesity effects. Although existing evidence suggests the presence of AOSs in peripheral tissues after oral administration, whether AOSs permeate into the blood circulation remains unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that AOSs with low-molecular weight can permeate the human gastrointestinal tract. To test this hypothesis, the time course of absorption was examined by analyzing plasma samples before and 1, 2, and 4 h after ingestion. Analysis was performed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry after labeling with p-aminobenzoic ethyl ester. Our results showed that the plasma concentration of agarobiose (Abi) was higher than that of agarotetraose (Ate); however, agarohexaose was not detected. Additionally, plasma levels of Abi and Ate were proportional to the dose. These results suggest that permeation efficiency is dependent on the molecular weight and that the systemic absorption of Abi via the gastrointestinal tract is better than that of Ate. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the bioactivity of orally administered AOSs in peripheral tissues.
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spelling doaj.art-8c85de36ee5d4dabb7840db67994356d2023-09-26T01:35:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-09-011010.3389/fnut.2023.12733281273328Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humansIkuya Shirai0Ikuya Shirai1Yu Iwasaki2Koji Karasawa3Yasutaka Shigemura4Shigeru Katayama5Shigeru Katayama6Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, JapanIna Food Industry Co., Ltd., Nagano, JapanFaculty of Domestic Science, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, JapanIna Food Industry Co., Ltd., Nagano, JapanFaculty of Domestic Science, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, JapanDepartment of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, JapanAgaro-oligosaccharides (AOSs) are known to have biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-obesity effects. Although existing evidence suggests the presence of AOSs in peripheral tissues after oral administration, whether AOSs permeate into the blood circulation remains unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that AOSs with low-molecular weight can permeate the human gastrointestinal tract. To test this hypothesis, the time course of absorption was examined by analyzing plasma samples before and 1, 2, and 4 h after ingestion. Analysis was performed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry after labeling with p-aminobenzoic ethyl ester. Our results showed that the plasma concentration of agarobiose (Abi) was higher than that of agarotetraose (Ate); however, agarohexaose was not detected. Additionally, plasma levels of Abi and Ate were proportional to the dose. These results suggest that permeation efficiency is dependent on the molecular weight and that the systemic absorption of Abi via the gastrointestinal tract is better than that of Ate. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the bioactivity of orally administered AOSs in peripheral tissues.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1273328/fullagaro-oligosaccharideagarobiosehuman plasmaliquid chromatography/mass spectrometrypharmacokinetics
spellingShingle Ikuya Shirai
Ikuya Shirai
Yu Iwasaki
Koji Karasawa
Yasutaka Shigemura
Shigeru Katayama
Shigeru Katayama
Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
Frontiers in Nutrition
agaro-oligosaccharide
agarobiose
human plasma
liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
pharmacokinetics
title Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
title_full Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
title_fullStr Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
title_full_unstemmed Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
title_short Orally administered low-molecular weight agaro-oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
title_sort orally administered low molecular weight agaro oligosaccharides are absorbed into the plasma of healthy humans
topic agaro-oligosaccharide
agarobiose
human plasma
liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
pharmacokinetics
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1273328/full
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