Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp.
SUMMARY: Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. are important foodborne pathogens and increased knowledge on the potential for egg transmission is beneficial when developing interventions. Horizontal and vertical transmission of Salmonella into poultry flocks is well documented to occur, while only horiz...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Applied Poultry Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617123000016 |
| _version_ | 1797824651586437120 |
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| author | C.E. Harris L.N. Bartenfeld Josselson D.V. Bourassa R.J. Buhr |
| author_facet | C.E. Harris L.N. Bartenfeld Josselson D.V. Bourassa R.J. Buhr |
| author_sort | C.E. Harris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | SUMMARY: Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. are important foodborne pathogens and increased knowledge on the potential for egg transmission is beneficial when developing interventions. Horizontal and vertical transmission of Salmonella into poultry flocks is well documented to occur, while only horizontal transmission of Campylobacter has been confirmed. The objective of this study was to develop and verify injection inoculation methodology for hatching eggs that could be used for Salmonella and Campylobacter to simulate vertical transmission, in ovo. Six experiments were performed: Experiments 1 through 3 established inoculum levels of Salmonella Enteritidis (103 CFU) or Campylobacter coli (102 CFU) and Experiments 4 through 6 compared recovery from inoculated eggs that were incubated or cold stored (5 d). Eggs were inoculated via injection into the albumen or yolk and egg contents and viable embryos were sampled. Results from Experiments 1 through 3 indicated that incubation directly after injection resulted in higher embryonic mortality for yolk (90%) compared to albumen (35%) injection, though there was at least 1 positive embryo for each injection site at D5 and D15. For Experiment 4, eggs were albumen injected with Salmonella and cold-storage versus incubation resulted in few significant differences in recovery. For Experiments 5 and 6, Campylobacter injected eggs that were cold-stored had 100% enriched recovery from egg contents of albumen injection eggs compared to 0 to 40% for incubated eggs. This study establishes injection inoculation as a valid methodology for simulation and evaluation of the potential for Salmonella and Campylobacter to be vertically transmitted in ovo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:42:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c8eb6e6b7754f82b4cd51ee3a7eaed7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1056-6171 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:42:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Poultry Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c8eb6e6b7754f82b4cd51ee3a7eaed72023-05-18T04:37:44ZengElsevierJournal of Applied Poultry Research1056-61712023-06-01322100329Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp.C.E. Harris0L.N. Bartenfeld Josselson1D.V. Bourassa2R.J. Buhr3Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA; Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, 30605-2702, USA; Corresponding author:Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, 30605-2702, USADepartment of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USAPoultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, 30605-2702, USASUMMARY: Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. are important foodborne pathogens and increased knowledge on the potential for egg transmission is beneficial when developing interventions. Horizontal and vertical transmission of Salmonella into poultry flocks is well documented to occur, while only horizontal transmission of Campylobacter has been confirmed. The objective of this study was to develop and verify injection inoculation methodology for hatching eggs that could be used for Salmonella and Campylobacter to simulate vertical transmission, in ovo. Six experiments were performed: Experiments 1 through 3 established inoculum levels of Salmonella Enteritidis (103 CFU) or Campylobacter coli (102 CFU) and Experiments 4 through 6 compared recovery from inoculated eggs that were incubated or cold stored (5 d). Eggs were inoculated via injection into the albumen or yolk and egg contents and viable embryos were sampled. Results from Experiments 1 through 3 indicated that incubation directly after injection resulted in higher embryonic mortality for yolk (90%) compared to albumen (35%) injection, though there was at least 1 positive embryo for each injection site at D5 and D15. For Experiment 4, eggs were albumen injected with Salmonella and cold-storage versus incubation resulted in few significant differences in recovery. For Experiments 5 and 6, Campylobacter injected eggs that were cold-stored had 100% enriched recovery from egg contents of albumen injection eggs compared to 0 to 40% for incubated eggs. This study establishes injection inoculation as a valid methodology for simulation and evaluation of the potential for Salmonella and Campylobacter to be vertically transmitted in ovo.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617123000016Salmonella spp.Campylobacter spp.vertical transmissionegg inoculationincubationcold-storage |
| spellingShingle | C.E. Harris L.N. Bartenfeld Josselson D.V. Bourassa R.J. Buhr Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. Journal of Applied Poultry Research Salmonella spp. Campylobacter spp. vertical transmission egg inoculation incubation cold-storage |
| title | Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. |
| title_full | Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. |
| title_fullStr | Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. |
| title_short | Development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. |
| title_sort | development of injection inoculation methods to simulate in ovo vertical transmission of salmonella spp and campylobacter spp |
| topic | Salmonella spp. Campylobacter spp. vertical transmission egg inoculation incubation cold-storage |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617123000016 |
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